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Stars and planets form in regions of enhanced stellar density, subjecting protoplanetary discs to gravitational perturbations from neighbouring stars. Observations in the Taurus star-forming have uncovered evidence of at least three recent,…

In mass-transferring wide binary stellar systems, the companion star can capture some of the mass released in wind by the primary evolved star, and form an accretion disk. Such accretion disks could evolve to form disks of comparable…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-19 Raffaele S. Cattolico , Hagai B. Perets

We run a suite of dissipative N-body simulations to determine which regions of phase space for smooth disk migration are consistent with the GJ876 system, an M-dwarf hosting three planets orbiting in a chaotic 4:2:1 Laplace resonance. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Adam M. Dempsey , Benjamin E. Nelson

We present Keck/OSIRIS 1.1-1.8 um adaptive optics integral field spectroscopy of the planetary-mass companion to GSC 06214-00210, a member of the ~5 Myr Upper Scorpius OB association. We infer a spectral type of L0+/-1, and our spectrum…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Brendan P. Bowler , Michael C. Liu , Adam L. Kraus , Andrew W. Mann , Michael J. Ireland

(Abridged) We describe Spitzer IRAC and MIPS observations of the populous, 5 Myr-old open cluster NGC 2362. Early/intermediate-type confirmed/candidate cluster members either have photospheric mid-IR emission or weak, optically-thin…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Thayne Currie , Charles J. Lada , Peter Plavchan , Thomas Robitaille , Jonathan Irwin , Scott J. Kenyon

We investigated the formation and evolution of satellite systems in a cold, extended circumplanetary disc around a 10 $M_{\rm{Jupiter}}$ gas giant which was formed by gravitational instability at 50\,AU from its star. The disc parameters…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 C. Inderbitzi , J. Szulágyi , M. Cilibrasi , L. Mayer

The system of two transiting Neptune-sized planets around the bright, young M-dwarf AU Mic provides a unique opportunity to test models of planet formation, early evolution, and star-planet interaction. However, the intense magnetic…

We report the discovery, from WASP and CORALIE, of a transiting exoplanet in a 1.54-d orbit. The host star, WASP-36, is a magnitude V = 12.7, metal-poor G2 dwarf (Teff = 5959 \pm 134 K), with [Fe/H] = -0.26 \pm 0.10. We determine the planet…

We propose a comprehensive survey of giant planets ranging from close-in highly irradiated hot Jupiters to young, wide-orbit directly imaged planets. The combination of two established techniques for probing planetary atmospheric…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-04 Munazza K. Alam , Emily Rickman , Kielan Hoch , Paul Mollière , Josh Lothringer , Aarynn L. Carter , Isabel Rebollido , Ben J. Sutlieff , Jens Kammerer

Our recent N-body simulations of planetary system formation, incorporating models for the main physical processes thought to be important during the building of planets (i.e. gas disc evolution, migration, planetesimal/boulder accretion,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-27 Gavin A. L. Coleman , Richard P. Nelson

Observations support the hypothesis that gas disk gravitational instability might explain the formation of massive or wide-orbit gas giant exoplanets. The situation with regard to Jupiter-mass exoplanets orbiting within $\sim$ 20 au is more…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Alan P. Boss

Hot Jupiters generally do not have nearby planet companions, as they may have cleared out other planets during their inward migration from more distant orbits. This gives evidence that hot Jupiters more often migrate inward via…

Long-term precise Doppler measurements with the CORALIE spectrograph reveal the presence of a second planet orbiting the solar-type star HD202206. The radial-velocity combined fit yields companion masses of m_2\sini = 17.4 M_Jup and 2.44…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 A. C. M. Correia , S. Udry , M. Mayor , J. Laskar , D. Naef , F. Pepe , D. Queloz , N. C. Santos

Little is known about the existence of extrasolar planets around ultracool dwarfs. Furthermore, binary stars with Sun-like primaries and very low-mass binaries composed of ultracool dwarfs show differences in the distributions of mass ratio…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 J. Sahlmann , P. F. Lazorenko , D. Segransan , E. L. Martin , D. Queloz , M. Mayor , S. Udry

Gliese 436 is an M dwarf with a mass of 0.45 Msun and hosts the extrasolar planet GL 436b [3, 6, 7, 2], which is currently the least massive transiting planet with a mass of ~23.17 Mearth [10], and the only planet known to transit an M…

Protoplanetary discs around brown dwarfs and very low mass stars offer some of the best prospects for forming Earth-sized planets in their habitable zones. To this end, we study the nature of the disc around the very low mass star V410…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 D. M. Boneberg , S. Facchini , C. J. Clarke , J. D. Ilee , R. A. Booth , S. Bruderer

ALMA observations of the disk around HD 163296 have resolved a crescent-shape substructure at around 55 au, inside and off-center from a gap in the dust that extends from 38 au to 62 au. In this work we propose that both the crescent and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 Juan Garrido-Deutelmoser , Cristobal Petrovich , Carolina Charalambous , Viviana V. Guzmán , Ke Zhang

The evolution of one member of a stellar binary into a white dwarf has been proposed as a mechanism that triggers the formation of close-in gas giant planets. The star's asymmetric mass loss during the AGB stage gives it a "kick" that can…

(abridged) We present 2-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) code, VINE, to model a self-gravitating binary system similar to the GG Tau A system. We simulate systems configured with semi-major…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-17 Andrew F. Nelson , F. Marzari

The star HD 118203, classified as a K0 subgiant, was known to harbour a transiting hot Jupiter planet on a 6.1-day eccentric orbit. Previous studies also revealed a linear trend in the radial velocity (RV) domain, indicative of a companion…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-17 G. Maciejewski , A. Niedzielski , K. Gozdziewski , A. Wolszczan , E. Villaver , M. Fernandez , M. Adamow , J. Sierzputowska