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A giant planet has been recently resolved at a projected distance of 730 au from the tight pair of young ($\sim$ 13 Myr) intermediate-mass stars HD 106906AB in the Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC) group. The stars are surrounded by a debris disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-24 L. Rodet , H. Beust , M. Bonnefoy , A. -M. Lagrange , P. A. B. Galli , C. Ducourant , R. Teixeira

Planets form in disks around young stars. Interactions with these disks cause them to migrate and thus affect their final orbital periods. We suggest that the connection between planets and disks may be deeper and involve a symbiotic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Re'em Sari , Peter Goldreich

In this article, I examine several observational trends regarding protoplanetary disks, debris disks and exoplanets in binary systems in an attempt to constrain the physical mechanisms of planet formation in such a context. Binaries wider…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 G. Duchene

Giant planets dominate the mass of many planetary systems, including the Solar System, and represent the best-characterized class of extrasolar planets. Understanding the formation of giant planets bridges the high mass end of the planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-24 Andrew N. Youdin , Zhaohuan Zhu

Planets and minor bodies such as asteroids, Kuiper-belt objects and comets are integral components of a planetary system. Interactions among them leave clues about the formation process of a planetary system. The signature of such…

The co-planarity of solar-system planets led Kant to suggest that they formed from an accretion disk, and the discovery of hundreds of such disks around young stars as well as hundreds of co-planar planetary systems by the Kepler satellite…

Recent ALMA images of HL Tau show gaps in the dusty disk that may be caused by planetary bodies. Given the young age of this system, if confirmed, this finding would imply very short timescales for planet formation, probably in a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-28 L. Testi , A. Skemer , Th. Henning , V. Bailey , D. Defrere , Ph. Hinz , J. Leisenring , A. Vaz , S. Esposito , A. Fontana , A. Marconi , M. Skrutskie , C. Veillet

NASA's TESS mission is expected to discover hundreds of M dwarf planets. However, few studies focus on how planets form around low-mass stars. We aim to better characterize the formation process of M dwarf planets to fill this gap and aid…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-17 Brianna Zawadzki , Daniel Carrera , Eric Ford

High precision radial velocity observations of the solar-type star 16 Cygni B taken at McDonald Observatory and at Lick Observatory, have each independently discovered periodic radial-velocity variations indicating the presence of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 W. D. Cochran , A. P. Hatzes , R. P. Butler , G. W. Marcy

Kepler has identified over 600 multiplanet systems, many of which have several planets with orbital distances smaller than that of Mercury -- quite different from the Solar System. Because these systems may be difficult to explain in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Kevin C. Schlaufman

While numerical simulations have been playing a key role in the studies of planet-disk interaction, testing numerical results against observations has been limited so far. With the two directly imaged protoplanets embedded in its…

Terrestrial planets born beyond 1-3 AU have been theorized to avoid being engulfed during the red-giant phases of their host stars. Nevertheless, only a few gas-giant planets have been observed around white dwarfs (WDs) -- the end product…

The primary aim of this work is to examine the effect of parabolic stellar encounters on the evolution of a Jovian-mass giant planet forming within a protoplanetary disc. We consider the effect on both the mass accretion and the migration…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Moritz Fragner , Richard Nelson

A number of protoplanetary disks observed with ALMA potentially provide direct examples of initial conditions for planetary systems. In particular, the HL Tau disk has been intensively studied, and its rings/gaps are conventionally…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-19 Shijie Wang , Kazuhiro D. Kanagawa , Toshinori Hayashi , Yasushi Suto

High precision radial velocity observations of the nearby M4 dwarf Gl 876 with the Observatoire de Haute Provence 1.93 m telescope and the new 1.20 m swiss telescope at la Silla indicate the presence of a jovian mass companion to this star.…

WASP-98 is a planetary system containing a hot Jupiter transiting a late-G dwarf. A fainter star 12 arcsec distant has previously been identified as a white dwarf, with a distance and proper motion consistent with a physical association…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-19 John Southworth , P. -E. Tremblay , B. T. Gaensicke , D. F. Evans , T. Mocnik

[abridged] ALMA observations of dust in protoplanetary disks are revealing the existence of sub-structures such as rings, gaps and cavities. Such morphology are expected to be the outcome of dynamical interaction between the disk and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-19 D. Fedele , F. Bollati , G. Lodato

Idealized protoplanetary disk and giant planet formation models have been interpreted to suggest that a giant planet's atmospheric abundances can be used to infer its formation location in its parent protoplanetary disk. It has recently…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 Henrique Reggiani , Kevin C. Schlaufman , Brian F. Healy , Joshua D. Lothringer , David K. Sing

We aim to detect and characterize substellar companions to K giant stars, to further our knowledge of planet formation and stellar evolution of intermediate-mass stars. For more than a decade we have used Doppler spectroscopy to acquire…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 D. S. Mitchell , S. Reffert , T. Trifonov , A. Quirrenbach , D. A. Fischer

Using both the Very Large Array (VLA) at 7mm wavelength, and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) at 3mm, we have searched for microwave emission from from cool dust in the extrasolar planetary system Gliese 876 (Gl 876). Having…

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