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Many advanced Learning from Demonstration (LfD) methods consider the decomposition of complex, real-world tasks into simpler sub-tasks. By reusing the corresponding sub-policies within and between tasks, they provide training data for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Kyriacos Shiarlis , Markus Wulfmeier , Sasha Salter , Shimon Whiteson , Ingmar Posner

While Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance in generalized forecasting, their performance often degrades significantly when deployed in real-world vertical domains characterized by temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xiaoyun Yu , Li fan , Xiangfei Qiu , Nanqing Dong , Yonggui Huang , Honggang Qi , Geguang Pu , Wanli Ouyang , Xi Chen , Jilin Hu

Pre-trained language models (PTLMs) acquire domain-independent linguistic knowledge through pre-training with massive textual resources. Additional pre-training is effective in adapting PTLMs to domains that are not well covered by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Kosuke Nishida , Kyosuke Nishida , Sen Yoshida

We study multi-task reinforcement learning (RL), a setting in which an agent learns a single, universal policy capable of generalising to arbitrary, possibly unseen tasks. We consider tasks specified as linear temporal logic (LTL) formulae,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Alessandro Abate , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Mathias Jackermeier , Jan Kretínský , Maximilian Prokop , Christoph Weinhuber

The task of temporally detecting and segmenting actions in untrimmed videos has seen an increased attention recently. One problem in this context arises from the need to define and label action boundaries to create annotations for training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Anna Kukleva , Hilde Kuehne , Fadime Sener , Juergen Gall

Temporal difference learning with linear function approximation is a popular method to obtain a low-dimensional approximation of the value function of a policy in a Markov Decision Process. We give a new interpretation of this method in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Rui Liu , Alex Olshevsky

Symbolic planners can discover a sequence of actions from initial to goal states given expert-defined, domain-specific logical action semantics. Large Language Models (LLMs) can directly generate such sequences, but limitations in reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Wang Zhu , Ishika Singh , Robin Jia , Jesse Thomason

Time series forecasting plays a critical role in decision-making across many real-world applications. Unlike data in vision and language domains, time series data is inherently tied to the evolution of underlying processes and can only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Suhan Guo , Bingxu Wang , Shaodan Zhang , Furao Shen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents capable of reasoning, planning, and acting within interactive environments. Despite their growing capability to perform multi-step reasoning and decision-making…

As multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) systems are increasingly deployed throughout society, it is imperative yet challenging for users to understand the emergent behaviors of MARL agents in complex environments. This work presents an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Kayla Boggess , Sarit Kraus , Lu Feng

Tasks with complex temporal structures and long horizons pose a challenge for reinforcement learning agents due to the difficulty in specifying the tasks in terms of reward functions as well as large variances in the learning signals. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-27 Xiao Li , Yao Ma , Calin Belta

Foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), have revolutionized text and video processing, yet time series data presents distinct challenges for such approaches due to domain-specific features such as missing values,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Defu Cao , Wen Ye , Yizhou Zhang , Yan Liu

Reward engineering is an important aspect of reinforcement learning. Whether or not the user's intentions can be correctly encapsulated in the reward function can significantly impact the learning outcome. Current methods rely on manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-28 Xiao Li , Yao Ma , Calin Belta

Deep learning models dealing with image understanding in real-world settings must be able to adapt to a wide variety of tasks across different domains. Domain adaptation and class incremental learning deal with domain and task variability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Marco Toldo , Umberto Michieli , Pietro Zanuttigh

We present a self-supervised approach for learning video representations using temporal video alignment as a pretext task, while exploiting both frame-level and video-level information. We leverage a novel combination of temporal alignment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Sanjay Haresh , Sateesh Kumar , Huseyin Coskun , Shahram Najam Syed , Andrey Konin , Muhammad Zeeshan Zia , Quoc-Huy Tran

Learning multiple tasks across heterogeneous domains is a challenging problem since the feature space may not be the same for different tasks. We assume the data in multiple tasks are generated from a latent common domain via sparse domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Shaobo Han , Xuejun Liao , Lawrence Carin

Recent breakthroughs in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have gained significant recognition within the deep learning community, where the fusion of the Video Foundation Models (VFMs) and Large Language Models(LLMs) has proven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Quan Zhang , Jinwei Fang , Rui Yuan , Xi Tang , Yuxin Qi , Ke Zhang , Chun Yuan

We propose ControlMLLM++, a novel test-time adaptation framework that injects learnable visual prompts into frozen multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to enable fine-grained region-based visual reasoning without any model retraining or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mingrui Wu , Hao Chen , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Zhiyuan Liu , Liujuan Cao , Ming-Ming Cheng , Rongrong Ji

Test-Time Optimization enables models to adapt to new data during inference by updating parameters on-the-fly. Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have explored learning prompts at test time to improve performance in downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Dhruv Sarkar , Aprameyo Chakrabartty , Bibhudatta Bhanja

Recent research has revealed that neural language models at scale suffer from poor temporal generalization capability, i.e., the language model pre-trained on static data from past years performs worse over time on emerging data. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Zhaochen Su , Zecheng Tang , Xinyan Guan , Juntao Li , Lijun Wu , Min Zhang