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To train deep convolutional neural networks, the input data and the intermediate activations need to be kept in memory to calculate the gradient descent step. Given the limited memory available in the current generation accelerator cards,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Hans Pinckaers , Geert Litjens

Recent generalizations of the Hopfield model of associative memories are able to store a number $P$ of random patterns that grows exponentially with the number $N$ of neurons, $P=\exp(\alpha N)$. Besides the huge storage capacity, another…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-02-14 Carlo Lucibello , Marc Mézard

Associative memory retrieves complete patterns from partial or corrupted inputs and constitutes a primitive form of generative inference. Classical Hopfield networks (CHN) provide a canonical framework for associative memory but suffer from…

Hopfield networks are artificial neural networks which store memory patterns on the states of their neurons by choosing recurrent connection weights and update rules such that the energy landscape of the network forms attractors around the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Thomas F Burns , Tomoki Fukai

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) provide state-of-the-art performance in processing sequential data but are memory intensive to train, limiting the flexibility of RNN models which can be trained. Reversible RNNs---RNNs for which the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Matthew MacKay , Paul Vicol , Jimmy Ba , Roger Grosse

We study a class of Hopfield models where the memories are represented by a mixture of Gaussian and binary variables and the neurons are Ising spins. We study the properties of this family of models as the relative weight of the two kinds…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-09-29 Luca Leuzzi , Alberto Patti , Federico Ricci-Tersenghi

Associative memories in the brain receive and store patterns of activity registered by the sensory neurons, and are able to retrieve them when necessary. Due to their importance in human intelligence, computational models of associative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Tommaso Salvatori , Yuhang Song , Yujian Hong , Simon Frieder , Lei Sha , Zhenghua Xu , Rafal Bogacz , Thomas Lukasiewicz

The ability to process time-series at low energy cost is critical for many applications. Recurrent neural network, which can perform such tasks, are computationally expensive when implementing in software on conventional computers. Here we…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-03-05 Erwan Plouet , Dédalo Sanz-Hernández , Aymeric Vecchiola , Julie Grollier , Frank Mizrahi

Recently, learned image compression methods have developed rapidly and exhibited excellent rate-distortion performance when compared to traditional standards, such as JPEG, JPEG2000 and BPG. However, the learning-based methods suffer from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-24 Bowen Li , Yao Xin , Youneng Bao , Fanyang Meng , Yongsheng Liang , Wen Tan

Synchronization of coupled oscillators is observed at multiple levels of neural systems, and has been shown to play an important function in visual perception. We propose a computing system based on locally coupled oscillator networks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-09-24 Yan Fang , Matthew J. Cotter , Donald M. Chiarulli , Steven P. Levitan

Biologically-inspired computing models have made significant progress in recent years, but the conventional von Neumann architecture is inefficient for the large-scale matrix operations and massive parallelism required by these models. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Siqing Fu , Lizhou Wu , Tiejun Li , Chunyuan Zhang , Jianmin Zhang , Sheng Ma

Simulations of high energy density physics are expensive, largely in part for the need to produce non-local thermodynamic equilibrium opacities. High-fidelity spectra may reveal new physics in the simulations not seen with low-fidelity…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-02-08 Michael D. Vander Wal , Ryan G. McClarren , Kelli D. Humbird

Associative Memories like the famous Hopfield Networks are elegant models for describing fully recurrent neural networks whose fundamental job is to store and retrieve information. In the past few years they experienced a surge of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Dmitry Krotov , Benjamin Hoover , Parikshit Ram , Bao Pham

Image restoration, including image denoising, super resolution, inpainting, and so on, is a well-studied problem in computer vision and image processing, as well as a test bed for low-level image modeling algorithms. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Xiao-Jiao Mao , Chunhua Shen , Yu-Bin Yang

We consider the class of Hopfield models of associative memory with activation function $F$ and state space $\{-1,1\}^N$, where each vertex of the cube describes a configuration of $N$ binary neurons. $M$ randomly chosen configurations,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Véronique Gayrard

Little is known theoretically about the associative memory capabilities of neural networks in which information is encoded not only in the mean firing rate but also in the timing of firings. Particularly, in the case that the fraction of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Toshio Aoyagi , Masaki Nomura

We propose a network of oscillators to retrieve given patterns in which the oscillators keep a fixed phase relationship with one another. In this description, the phase and the amplitude of the oscillators can be regarded as the timing and…

adap-org · Physics 2009-10-22 Toshio Aoyagi

Oscillator neural networks (ONN) based on arrays of 26 CMOS ring oscillators designed and fabricated. ONN are used for inference of dot products with image fragments and kernels necessary for convolutional neural networks. The inputs are…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-10-28 D. E. Nikonov , P. Kurahashi , J. S. Ayers , H. -J. Lee , Y. Fan , I. A. Young

We study associative memory of an oscillator neural network with distributed native frequencies. The model is based on the use of the Hebb learning rule with random patterns ($\xi_i^{\mu}=\pm 1$), and the distribution function of native…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Michiko Yamana , Masatoshi Shiino , Masahiko Yoshioka

Brain-inspired computing aims to mimic cognitive functions like associative memory, the ability to recall complete patterns from partial cues. Memristor technology offers promising hardware for such neuromorphic systems due to its potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chengping He , Mingrui Jiang , Keyi Shan , Szu-Hao Yang , Zefan Li , Shengbo Wang , Giacomo Pedretti , Jim Ignowski , Can Li