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A graph is called normal if its vertex set can be covered by cliques and also by stable sets, such that every such clique and stable set have non-empty intersection. This notion is due to Korner, who introduced the class of normal graphs as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-06-25 Zsolt Patakfalvi

A graph $\Gamma$ is said to be stable if $\mathrm{Aut}(\Gamma\times K_2)\cong\mathrm{Aut}(\Gamma)\times \mathbb{Z}_{2}$ and unstable otherwise. If an unstable graph is connected, non-bipartite and any two of its distinct vertices have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Junyang Zhang

A graph is called $k$-extendable if each $k$-matching can be extended to a perfect matching. We give spectral conditions for the $k$-extendability of graphs and bipartite graphs using Tutte-type and Hall-type structural characterizations.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-31 Yuke Zhang , Edwin R. van Dam

An $(r-1,1)$-coloring of an $r$-regular graph $G$ is an edge coloring such that each vertex is incident to $r-1$ edges of one color and $1$ edge of a different color. In this paper, we completely characterize all $4$-regular pseudographs…

A graph is strongly perfect if every induced subgraph H has a stable set that meets every nonempty maximal clique of H. The characterization of strongly perfect graphs by a set of forbidden induced subgraphs is not known. Here we provide…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-05 Maria Chudnovsky , Cemil Dibek , Paul Seymour

A graph $\Gamma$ is $k$-connected-homogeneous ($k$-CH) if $k$ is a positive integer and any isomorphism between connected induced subgraphs of order at most $k$ extends to an automorphism of $\Gamma$, and connected-homogeneous (CH) if this…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Alice Devillers , Joanna B. Fawcett , Cheryl E. Praeger , Jin-Xin Zhou

A graph is locally irregular if any pair of adjacent vertices have distinct degrees. A locally irregular decomposition of a graph $G$ is a decomposition $\mathcal{D}$ of $G$ such that every subgraph $H \in \mathcal{D}$ is locally irregular.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Carla Negri Lintzmayer , Guilherme Oliveira Mota , Maycon Sambinelli

A nonempty $k$-regular graph $\Gamma$ on $n$ vertices is called a Deza graph if there exist constants $b$ and $a$ $(b \geq a)$ such that any pair of distinct vertices of $\Gamma$ has precisely either $b$ or $a$ common neighbours. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-11 V. V. Kabanov , N. V. Maslova , L. V. Shalaginov

The notion of smoothness was introduced originally in the context of step systems on connected graphs. Smoothness turns out to be a very general property of metrics defined by a five-point condition. Restricted to graphs, it is closely…

A signed graph is a graph whose edges are signed. In a vertex-signed graph the vertices are signed. The latter is called consistent if the product of signs in every circle is positive. The line graph of a signed graph is naturally…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-21 Thomas Zaslavsky

If $\Gamma$ is a graph for which every edge is in exactly one clique of order $\omega$, then one can form a new graph with vertex set equal to these cliques. This is a generalization of the line graph of $\Gamma$. We discover many general…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Robert R. Petro , Connor M. Phillips

A tree $T$ in an edge-colored graph is a \emph{proper tree} if any two adjacent edges of $T$ are colored with different colors. Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$ and $k$ be a fixed integer with $2\leq k\leq n$. For a vertex set $S\subseteq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-15 Lin Chen , Xueliang Li , Jinfeng Liu

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a finite graph. For $v\in V$ we denote by $G_v$ the subgraph of $G$ that is induced by $v$'s neighbor set. We say that $G$ is $(a,b)$-regular for $a>b>0$ integers, if $G$ is $a$-regular and $G_v$ is $b$-regular for every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-29 Michael Chapman , Nati Linial , Yuval Peled

Median graphs are connected graphs in which for all three vertices there is a unique vertex that belongs to shortest paths between each pair of these three vertices. To be more formal, a graph $G$ is a median graph if, for all $\mu, u,v\in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-14 Marc Hellmuth , Sandhya Thekkumpadan Puthiyaveedu

The definition of edge-regularity in graphs is a relaxation of the definition of strong regularity, so strongly regular graphs are edge-regular and, not surprisingly, the family of edge-regular graphs is much larger and more diverse than…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Jared DeLeo

The concept of pseudo-distance-regularity around a vertex of a graph is a natural generalization, for non-regular graphs, of the standard distance-regularity around a vertex. In this note, we prove that a pseudo-distance-regular graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-28 M. A. Fiol

Highly-regular graphs can be regarded as a combinatorial generalization of distance-regular graphs. From this standpoint, we study combinatorial aspects of highly-regular graphs. As a result, we give the following three main results in this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-06 Taichi Kousaka

A graph is beyond-planar if it can be drawn in the plane with a specific restriction on crossings. Several types of beyond-planar graphs have been investigated, such as k-planar if every edge is crossed at most k times and RAC if edges can…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Franz J. Brandenburg

This thesis focuses on theoretical and algorithmic tools for determining the numbers of induced subgraphs in strongly regular graphs, SRGs, and on further applications of such numbers. We consider in more detail a restricted class of these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-14 Kristína Kováčiková

The vertices of a $k$-token graph of a graph $G$ correspond to $k$ indistinguishable tokens placed on $k$ different vertices of $G$. Changing some conditions on both the nature of the tokens and the number of tokens allowed in each vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Xiaodi Song , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol , Mercè Mora , Shenggui Zhang