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Soft limits of massless S-matrix are known to reflect symmetries of the theory. In particular for theories with Goldstone bosons, the double-soft limit of scalars reveals the coset structure of the vacuum manifold. In this letter, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-07-23 Wei-Ming Chen , Yu-tin Huang , Congkao Wen

We extend a previously developed formulation of the S-matrix, based on a path integral with asymptotic boundary conditions, to include gravity. The path integral defines a Carrollian boundary partition function whose invariance under…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-12 Jack Isen , Per Kraus , Ruben Monten , Richard M. Myers

Strominger and collaborators recently proposed that soft theorems for gauge and gravity amplitudes can be interpreted as Ward identities of a 2d CFT at null infinity. In this paper, we will consider a specific realization of this CFT known…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-07-01 Arthur E. Lipstein

A framework of connections between asymptotic symmetries, soft theorems, and memory effects has recently shed light on a universal structure associated with infrared physics. Here, we show how this pattern has been used to fill in missing…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-24 Sabrina Pasterski

We investigate Einstein theories of gravity, coupled to a scalar field \vphi and point-like matter, which are characterized by a scalar field-dependent matter coupling function e^{H(\vphi)}. We show that under mild constraints on the form…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 M. Cadoni , M. Casula

The free graviton theory given by linearising Einstein's theory has a dual formulation in terms of a dual graviton field. The dual graviton theory has two gauge invariances giving rise to two conserved charges, while the ADM charges of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-07 Chris Hull , Ulf Lindström , Maxwell L. Velásquez Cotini Hutt

We consider the scattering of massless particles coupled to an abelian gauge field in 2n-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. Weinberg's soft photon theorem is recast as Ward identities for infinitely many new nontrivial symmetries of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-12-10 Daniel Kapec , Vyacheslav Lysov , Andrew Strominger

It was shown by F. Low in the 1950s that the subleading terms of soft photon S-matrix elements obey a universal linear relation. In this paper we give a new interpretation to this old relation, for the case of massless QED, as an…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-09-17 Vyacheslav Lysov , Sabrina Pasterski , Andrew Strominger

We study the subleading structure of asymptotically-flat spacetimes and its relationship to the $w_{1+\infty}$ loop algebra of higher spin charges. We do so using both the Bondi-Sachs and the Newman-Penrose formalism, via a dictionary built…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-22 Marc Geiller

We consider a theory of scalars minimally coupled to an auxiliary background metric. The theory is generally covariant and subject to the constraint of vanishing energy-momentum tensor. Eliminating the auxiliary metric leads to a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-01 Christopher D. Carone , Tangereen V. B. Claringbold , Diana Vaman

We extend the work in our earlier article [4] to show that time-periodic, asymptotically-flat solutions of the Einstein equations analytic at scri, whose source is one of a range of scalar-field models, are necessarily stationary. We also…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-01-18 Jiří Bičák , Martin Scholtz , Paul Tod

Einstein's equations in a tetrad formulation are derived from a linear theory in flat spacetime with an asymmetric potential using free field gauge invariance, local Lorentz invariance and universal coupling. The gravitational potential can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-03 J. Brian Pitts

In arXiv:1707.06803 we derived the subleading multiple soft graviton theorem in a generic quantum theory of gravity for arbitrary number of soft external gravitons and arbitrary number of finite energy external states carrying arbitrary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-02-14 Subhroneel Chakrabarti , Sitender Pratap Kashyap , Biswajit Sahoo , Ashoke Sen , Mritunjay Verma

We study spherically symmetric solutions in a four-parameter Einstein-Cartan-type class of theories. These theories include torsion, as well as the metric, as dynamical fields, and contain only two physical excitations (around flat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-07 Thibault Damour , Vasilisa Nikiforova

We argue that the scattering of gravitons in ordinary Einstein gravity possesses a hidden conformal symmetry at tree level in any number of dimensions. The presence of this conformal symmetry is indicated by the dilaton soft theorem in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-04 Florian Loebbert , Matin Mojaza , Jan Plefka

We study effective field theories (EFTs) enjoying (maximal) biform symmetries. These are defined by the presence of a conserved (electric) current that has the symmetries of a Young tableau with two columns of equal length. When these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-22 Kurt Hinterbichler , Diego M. Hofman , Austin Joyce , Grégoire Mathys

It is known that soft photon and graviton theorems can be regarded as the Ward-Takahashi identities of asymptotic symmetries. In this paper, we consider soft theorem for pions, i.e., Nambu-Goldstone bosons associated with a spontaneously…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-17 Yuta Hamada , Sotaro Sugishita

Soft graviton theorems receive one-loop contributions that are logarithmic in the energy of the soft graviton, and which are closely related to tails of gravitational waveforms. We demonstrate that these logarithmic corrections are encoded…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-25 Shreyansh Agrawal , Laura Donnay , Kevin Nguyen , Romain Ruzziconi

In this paper we establish two results concerning four-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes at spatial infinity. First, we show that the six conserved Lorentz charges are encoded in two unique, distinct, but mutually dual symmetric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-27 Geoffrey Compère , François Dehouck , Amitabh Virmani

This work analyzes the asymptotic behaviors of the asymptotically flat solutions of Einstein-\ae ther theory in the linear case. The vacuum solutions for the tensor, vector, and scalar modes are first obtained, written as sums of various…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-15 Shaoqi Hou , Anzhong Wang , Zong-Hong Zhu