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We study the non-convex matrix factorization approach to matrix completion via Riemannian geometry. Based on an optimization formulation over a Grassmannian manifold, we characterize the landscape based on the notion of principal angles…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Kwangjun Ahn , Felipe Suarez

Many statistical and machine learning approaches rely on pairwise distances between data points. The choice of distance metric has a fundamental impact on performance of these procedures, raising questions about how to appropriately…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-20 Didong Li , David B Dunson

The proposed article aims at offering a comprehensive tutorial for the computational aspects of structured matrix and tensor factorization. Unlike existing tutorials that mainly focus on {\it algorithmic procedures} for a small set of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Xiao Fu , Nico Vervliet , Lieven De Lathauwer , Kejun Huang , Nicolas Gillis

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has been a popular representation method for pattern classification problem. It tries to decompose a nonnegative matrix of data samples as the product of a nonnegative basic matrix and a nonnegative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-12-06 Jim Jing-Yan Wang

In this paper, we investigate the butterfly factorization problem, i.e., the problem of approximating a matrix by a product of sparse and structured factors. We propose a new formal mathematical description of such factors, that encompasses…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-28 Quoc-Tung Le , Léon Zheng , Elisa Riccietti , Rémi Gribonval

This paper considers a restriction to non-negative matrix factorization in which at least one matrix factor is stochastic. That is, the elements of the matrix factors are non-negative and the columns of one matrix factor sum to 1. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-20 Christopher Adams

The problem of minimizing a continuously differentiable convex function over an intersection of closed convex sets is ubiquitous in applied mathematics. It is particularly interesting when it is easy to project onto each separate set, but…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-08-06 Eric C. Chi , Hua Zhou , Kenneth Lange

Metric clustering is fundamental in areas ranging from Combinatorial Optimization and Data Mining, to Machine Learning and Operations Research. However, in a variety of situations we may have additional requirements or knowledge, distinct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Brian Brubach , Darshan Chakrabarti , John P. Dickerson , Aravind Srinivasan , Leonidas Tsepenekas

This paper presents a unified matrix factorization framework for classical and robust clustering. We begin by revisiting the well-known equivalence between crisp k-means clustering and matrix factorization, following and rigorously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Angshul Majumdar

Let $S(A)$ denote the orbit of a complex or real matrix $A$ under a certain equivalence relation such as unitary similarity, unitary equivalence, unitary congruences etc. Efficient gradient-flow algorithms are constructed to determine the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-01-07 C. K. Li , Y. T. Poon , T. Schulte-Herbrueggen

We provide efficient constant factor approximation algorithms for the problems of finding a hierarchical clustering of a point set in any metric space, minimizing the sum of minimimum spanning tree lengths within each cluster, and in the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2009-07-08 David Eppstein

Low-rank matrix estimation plays a central role in various applications across science and engineering. Recently, nonconvex formulations based on matrix factorization are provably solved by simple gradient descent algorithms with strong…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-07 Cong Ma , Yuanxin Li , Yuejie Chi

Riemannian optimization uses local methods to solve optimization problems whose constraint set is a smooth manifold. A linear step along some descent direction usually leaves the constraints, and hence retraction maps are used to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-19 Alexander Heaton , Matthias Himmelmann

A symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm based on self-paced learning was proposed to improve the clustering performance of the model. It could make the model better distinguish normal samples from abnormal samples in an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Lei Wang , Liang Du , Peng Zhou , Peng Wu

This paper proposes a new theory and methodology to tackle the problem of unifying distributed analyses and inferences on shared parameters from multiple sources, into a single coherent inference. This surprisingly challenging problem…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-22 Hongsheng Dai , Murray Pollock , Gareth Roberts

We consider optimization problems on manifolds with equality and inequality constraints. A large body of work treats constrained optimization in Euclidean spaces. In this work, we consider extensions of existing algorithms from the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-26 Changshuo Liu , Nicolas Boumal

Regularization-based approaches for injecting constraints in Machine Learning (ML) were introduced to improve a predictive model via expert knowledge. We tackle the issue of finding the right balance between the loss (the accuracy of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Michele Lombardi , Federico Baldo , Andrea Borghesi , Michela Milano

This paper proposes and analyzes a gradient-type algorithm based on Burer-Monteiro factorization, called the Asymmetric Projected Gradient Descent (APGD), for reconstructing the point set configuration from partial Euclidean distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yicheng Li , Xinghua Sun

The computational cost of many signal processing and machine learning techniques is often dominated by the cost of applying certain linear operators to high-dimensional vectors. This paper introduces an algorithm aimed at reducing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-30 Luc Le Magoarou , Rémi Gribonval

Various Non-negative Matrix factorization (NMF) based methods add new terms to the cost function to adapt the model to specific tasks, such as clustering, or to preserve some structural properties in the reduced space (e.g., local…