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The parity of the partition function $p(n)$ remains strikingly mysterious. Beyond a handful of fragmentary results, essentially nothing is known about the distribution of parity. We prove a uniform result on quadratic progressions. If…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-06 Ken Ono

Bessenrodt and Ono initially found the strict log-subadditivity of partition function $p(n)$, that is, $p(a+b)< p(a)p(b)$ for $a,b>1$ and $a+b>9$. Many other important statistics of partitions are proved to enjoy similar properties. Lovejoy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Helen W. J. Zhang , Ying Zhong

We write down an explicit conjecture for the instanton partition functions in 4d N=2 SU(N) gauge theories in the presence of a certain type of surface operator. These surface operators are classified by partitions of N, and for each…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-18 Niclas Wyllard

Let $p_{\textrm{dsd}} (n)$ be the number of partitions of $n$ into distinct squarefree divisors of $n$. In this note, we find a lower bound for $p_{\textrm{dsd}} (n)$, as well as a sequence of $n$ for which $p_{\textrm{dsd}} (n)$ is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-14 Noah Lebowitz-Lockard , Joseph Vandehey

The enumeration $d_k(n)$ of $k$-elongated plane partition diamonds has emerged as a generalization of the classical integer partition function $p(n)$. We have discovered an infinite congruence family for $d_5(n)$ modulo powers of 5.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Koustav Banerjee , Nicolas Allen Smoot

Partition functions for non-interacting particles are known to be symmetric functions. It is shown that powerful group-theoretical techniques can be used not only to derive these relationships, but also to significantly simplify calculation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. B. Balantekin

The arithmetic properties of the ordinary partition function $p(n)$ have been the topic of intensive study for the past century. Ramanujan proved that there are linear congruences of the form $p(\ell n+\beta)\equiv 0\pmod\ell$ for the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Scott Ahlgren , Olivia Beckwith , Martin Raum

Let $p_2(n)$ denote the number of cubic partitions. In this paper, we shall present two new congruences modulo $11$ for $p_2(n)$. We also provide an elementary alternative proof of a congruence established by Chan. Furthermore, we will…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Shane Chern , Manosij Ghosh Dastidar

In his famous 2007 paper on three dimensional quantum gravity, Witten defined candidates for the partition functions $$Z_k(q)=\sum_{n=-k}^{\infty}w_k(n)q^n$$ of potential extremal CFTs with central charges of the form $c=24k$. Although such…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-18 Ken Ono , Larry Rolen

For integers $k,t \geq 2$, and $1\leq r \leq t$ let $D_k^\times(r,t;n)$ be the number of parts among all $k$-indivisible partitions of $n$ (i.e., partitions where all parts are not divisible by $k$) of $n$ that are congruent to $r$ modulo…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Faye Jackson , Misheel Otgonbayar

The partitions of the integers can be expressed exactly in an iterative and closed-form expression. This equation is derived from distributing the partitions of a number in a network that locates each partition in a unique and orderly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-11 Romulo L. Cruz-Simbron

We compute the ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric partition function of a gauge theory on a four-dimensional compact toric manifold via equivariant localization. The result is given by a piecewise constant function of the K\"ahler form with jumps…

It is proved that the number of partitions of n with odd mex and k parts that aren't ones equals the number of partitions of n with nonnegative crank and k parts that aren't ones..

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-26 George E Andrews , Moshe Newman

To construct a BPS algebra with representations furnished by n-dimensional partitions, the first step is to find the eigenvalues of the Cartan operators acting on them. The generating function of the eigenvalues is called the charge…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Shang Xiang , Hao Feng , Keyou Zhuo , Tian-Shun Chen , Kilar Zhang

When $k<n$, we study the coherent systems that come from a BGN extension in which the quotient bundle is strictly semistable. In this case we describe a stratification of the moduli space of coherent systems. We also describe the strata as…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2013-02-19 Cristian Gonzalez-Martinez

Recently, Chan and Wang (Fractional powers of the generating function for the partition function. Acta Arith. 187(1), 59--80 (2019)) studied the fractional powers of the generating function for the partition function and found several…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Nayandeep Deka Baruah , Hirakjyoti Das

Heim, Neuhauser, and Tr\"oger recently established some inequalities for MacMahon's plane partition function $\mathrm{PL}(n)$ that generalize known results for Euler's partition function $p(n)$. They also conjectured that $\mathrm{PL}(n)$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-13 Ken Ono , Sudhir Pujahari , Larry Rolen

For a set of nonnegative integers $S$ let $R_{S}(n)$ denote the number of unordered representations of the integer $n$ as the sum of two different terms from $S$. In this paper we focus on partitions of the natural numbers into two sets…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-22 Sándor Z. Kiss , Csaba Sándor

We build on the recent characterisation of congruences on the infinite twisted partition monoids $\mathcal{P}_{n}^\Phi$ and their finite $d$-twisted homomorphic images $\mathcal{P}_{n,d}^\Phi$, and investigate their algebraic and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-11-09 James East , Nik Ruskuc

Inequalities are important features in the context of sequences of numbers and polynomials. The Bessenrodt--Ono inequality for partition numbers and Nekrasov--Okounkov polynomials has only recently been discovered. In this paper we study…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-01 Bernhard Heim , Markus Neuhauser , Robert Tröger
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