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Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a branch of machine learning in which agents interact and learn optimal policies through trial and error, addressing complex scenarios where multiple agents interact and learn in the same…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Changhee Lee , Jeongmin Rhee , DongHwa Shin

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) have empowered autonomous agents to perform multi-turn interactions with tools and environments. However, scaling such agent training is limited by the lack of diverse and reliable environments.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhaoyang Wang , Canwen Xu , Boyi Liu , Yite Wang , Siwei Han , Zhewei Yao , Huaxiu Yao , Yuxiong He

We propose a new framework for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), where the agents cooperate in a time-evolving network with latent community structures and mixed memberships. Unlike traditional neighbor-based or fixed interaction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Zhaoyang Shi

Coordinating large populations of grid-edge devices requires learning methods that remain fully decentralised in deployment while still respecting three-phase AC distribution-network physics. This paper proposes gradient-based multi-agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yihong Zhou , Hongtai Zeng , Thomas Morstyn

We introduce PowerGym, an open-source reinforcement learning environment for Volt-Var control in power distribution systems. Following OpenAI Gym APIs, PowerGym targets minimizing power loss and voltage violations under physical networked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Ting-Han Fan , Xian Yeow Lee , Yubo Wang

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a powerful solution for meeting the growing demands for connectivity, reliability, low latency and operational efficiency in advanced networks. However, most research has focused on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Haiyuan Li , Hari Madhukumar , Peizheng Li , Yuelin Liu , Yiran Teng , Yulei Wu , Ning Wang , Shuangyi Yan , Dimitra Simeonidou

Future Internet involves several emerging technologies such as 5G and beyond 5G networks, vehicular networks, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks, and Internet of Things (IoTs). Moreover, future Internet becomes heterogeneous and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Tianxu Li , Kun Zhu , Nguyen Cong Luong , Dusit Niyato , Qihui Wu , Yang Zhang , Bing Chen

Efficient exploration is important for reinforcement learners to achieve high rewards. In multi-agent systems, coordinated exploration and behaviour is critical for agents to jointly achieve optimal outcomes. In this paper, we introduce a…

Outcome-driven reinforcement learning has advanced reasoning in large language models (LLMs), but prevailing tool-augmented approaches train a single, monolithic policy that interleaves thoughts and tool calls under full context; this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Zhuofeng Li , Haoxiang Zhang , Seungju Han , Sheng Liu , Jianwen Xie , Yu Zhang , Yejin Choi , James Zou , Pan Lu

Increasingly complex, non-linear World-Earth system models are used for describing the dynamics of the biophysical Earth system and the socio-economic and socio-cultural World of human societies and their interactions. Identifying pathways…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-09-16 Felix M. Strnad , Wolfram Barfuss , Jonathan F. Donges , Jobst Heitzig

Recent years have witnessed significant advances in reinforcement learning (RL), which has registered great success in solving various sequential decision-making problems in machine learning. Most of the successful RL applications, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an appealing paradigm for training intelligent agents, enabling policy acquisition from the agent's own autonomously acquired experience. However, the training process of RL is far from automatic, requiring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Zhao Yang , Thomas M. Moerland , Mike Preuss , Aske Plaat , Edward S. Hu

Real-time dynamic scheduling is a crucial but notoriously challenging task in modern manufacturing processes due to its high decision complexity. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been gaining attention as an impactful technique to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Jaeyeon Jang , Diego Klabjan , Han Liu , Nital S. Patel , Xiuqi Li , Balakrishnan Ananthanarayanan , Husam Dauod , Tzung-Han Juang

Reinforcement Learning (RL), a subfield of Artificial Intelligence (AI), focuses on training agents to make decisions by interacting with their environment to maximize cumulative rewards. This paper provides an overview of RL, covering its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Majid Ghasemi , Dariush Ebrahimi

We present the Minigrid and Miniworld libraries which provide a suite of goal-oriented 2D and 3D environments. The libraries were explicitly created with a minimalistic design paradigm to allow users to rapidly develop new environments for…

One problem with researching cognitive modeling and reinforcement learning (RL) is that researchers spend too much time on setting up an appropriate computational framework for their experiments. Many open source implementations of current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Jan Dohmen , Frank Röder , Manfred Eppe

Machine Learning (ML) techniques for Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problems have recently garnered significant attention, reflecting a broader trend of leveraging ML to approximate and/or accelerate the resolution of complex optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Klamkin , Mathieu Tanneau , Pascal Van Hentenryck

Decentralized combinatorial optimization in evolving multi-agent systems poses significant challenges, requiring agents to balance long-term decision-making, short-term optimized collective outcomes, while preserving autonomy of interactive…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Chuhao Qin , Evangelos Pournaras

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved significant progress in solving complex multi-player games through self-play. However, training effective adversarial policies requires millions of experience samples and substantial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Mingrui Lv , Hangzhi Liu , Zhi Luo , Hongjie Zhang , Jie Ou

The ongoing transition to renewable energy is increasing the share of fluctuating power sources like wind and solar, raising power grid volatility and making grid operation increasingly complex and costly. In our prior work, we have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Anton R. Fuxjäger , Kristian Kozak , Matthias Dorfer , Patrick M. Blies , Marcel Wasserer
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