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Recent years have seen a rapidly escalating demand for battery technologies capable of storing more energy, charging more quickly and having longer usable lifetimes, driven largely by increased electrification of transport and by grid-scale…
Key to advancing lithium-ion battery technology, and in particular fast charging capabilities, is our ability to follow and understand the dynamic processes occurring in operating materials under realistic conditions, in real time, and on…
The relationship between charge and structure dictates the properties of electrochemical systems. For example, reversible Na-ion intercalation - a low-cost alternative to Li-ion technology - often induces detrimental structural phase…
Phosphorus is one of the most promising anodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Little is known about the structural mechanism of Na/P cycling due to the fact that only one of the structures involved (Na3P) is crystalline. Using operando…
Sodium layered oxides often undergo phase transformations involving ordering or disordering of Na+ upon desodiation, i.e., when cycled as a battery electrode. Accurately characterizing these phases is crucial for understanding functional…
Non-equilibrium defects often dictate macroscopic functional properties of materials. In intercalation hosts, widely used in rechargeable batteries, high-dimensional defects largely define reversibility and kinetics1,2,3,4. However,…
Lithium-ion batteries exhibit complex nonlinear dynamics, resulting from diffusion and phase transformations coupled to ion intercalation reactions. Using the recently developed Cahn-Hilliard reaction (CHR) theory, we investigate a simple…
The degradation mechanism in a sodium cell of a layered Na0.48Al0.03Co0.18Ni0.18Mn0.47O2 (NCAM) cathode with P3/P2 structure is investigated by revealing the changes in microstructure and composition upon cycling. The work aims to…
The intercalation of alkali ions into layered materials has played an essential role in battery technology since the development of the first lithium-ion electrodes. Coulomb repulsion between the intercalants leads to ordering of the…
Understanding (de)lithiation heterogeneities in battery materials is key to ensuring optimal electrochemical performance and developing better energy storage devices. However, this remains challenging due to the complex three dimensional…
NaxCoO2 has emerged as a material of exceptional scientific interest due to the potential for thermoelectric applications, and because the strong interplay between the magnetic and superconducting properties has led to close comparisons…
Sodium-ion batteries have gained much interest over the past years and especially layered oxides are highly considered as cathodes for the next generation of batteries. However, there are still significant challenges to overcome in these…
The unified 3D phase-field model for the description of the lithium-ion cell as a whole is developed. The model takes into account the realistic distribution of particles in porous electrodes, percolative transport of ions, and the…
Na-ion batteries have emerged as viable candidates for large-scale energy storage applica- tions due to resource abundance and cost advantages. The constraints imposed on their performance and durability, for instance, by complex phase…
Innovative new materials are consistently emerging as electrode candidates from lithium-ion battery research, promising high energy densities and high-rate capabilities. Understanding potential structural changes, morphology evolution,…
Energy efficient, safe and reliable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are required for a wide range of applications. Charging capabilities of thick electrodes still holding their stored high-energy is a most desirable characteristic in future…
Battery interfaces critically influence lithium-metal battery performance through their role in ion diffusion and dendrite formation. However, structural characterization of these interfaces has remained challenging due to limitations in…
Li-ion battery degradation processes are multi-scale, heterogeneous, dynamic and involve multiple cell components through cross talk mechanisms. Correlated operando characterization capable of measuring several key parameters are needed to…
Ni particle coarsening is a primary degradation mechanism in Ni/YSZ solid oxide cells, limiting the lifespan of these devices. In this study, we demonstrate the use of Scanning 3D X-ray diffraction (S3DXRD) with an unprecedented spatial…
Developing efficient anode materials with low electrode voltage, high specific capacity and superior rate capability is urgently required on the road to commercially viable sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Aiming at finding a new SIB anode…