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Quantum materials exhibiting phase transitions which can be controlled through external stimuli, such as electric fields, are promising for future computing technologies beyond conventional semiconductor transistors. Devices that take…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-08-04 Nicolò D'Anna , Nareg Ghazikhanian , Erik S. Lamb , Edoardo Zatterin , Mingze Wan , Ashley Thorshov , Ivan K. Schuller , Oleg Shpyrko

Nanostructured electrodes with voids or interconnected pores accommodate large volume changes, shorten ion diffusion pathways, and enhance the structural reversibility of alloying electrodes. While these nanoporous features improve the…

Porous electrodes composed of multiphase active materials are widely used in Li-ion batteries, but their dynamics are poorly understood. Two-phase models are largely empirical, and no models exist for three or more phases. Using a modified…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2014-02-07 Todd R. Ferguson , Martin Z. Bazant

Aging limits lithium-ion battery lifetime and must be understood to improve durability and performance, requiring a detailed understanding of how aging alters the availability of cyclable lithium and the integrity of active particles. In…

Two-dimensional (2D) crystals, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride and transitional metal dichalcogenides, have attracted tremendous amount of attention over the past decade due to their extraordinary thermal, electrical and optical…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-02-16 Y. Zhao , Z. Wan , U. Hetmaniuk , M. P. Anantram

Multiple functional ionic and electronic orders are observed in high temperature superconducting cuprates. The charge density wave order is one of them and it is spatially localized in spatial regions of the material. It is also known that…

Superconductivity · Physics 2017-02-09 Nicola Poccia , Alessandro Ricci , Gaetano Campi , Antonio Bianconi

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO$_4$) is the prototypical two-phase battery material, whose complex patterns of lithium ion intercalation provide a testing ground for theories of electrochemical thermodynamics. Using a depth-averaged (a-b…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-08-21 Daniel A. Cogswell , Martin Z. Bazant

A comprehensive understanding of interactions between cathode, electrolyte, anode, and packaging during battery operation is crucial for advancing performances but remains overlooked due to the lack of characterisation technics capable of…

This work presents a comprehensive study on the aging behavior of 18650-type lithium-ion batteries, focusing on the uneven intercalation of lithium ions during fast charging processes. It introduces a novel approach using color visual…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-04-17 Yihan Shi , Qingrui Pan , Jitao Li , Xiaoze Shi , Youchang Wang , Peng Xiao

Sodium-ion batteries exhibit significant promise as a viable alternative to current lithium-ion technologies owing to their sustainability, low cost per energy density, reliability, and safety. Despite recent advancements in cathode…

This study reports on advancements in operando characterization of volume changes in lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrode materials during electrochemical cycling. Volume changes are crucial for LIB operation because they are related to the…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-22 Erwin Hueger , Daniel Uxa , Lars Doerrer , Jochen Stahn , Harald Schmidt

Adding porosity to battery electrodes is believed to be universally useful for adding space to accommodate volumetric expansion, electrolyte access to all active materials, helping to mitigate poor C-rate performance for thicker electrodes…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Sally O'Hanlon , David McNulty , Ruiyuan Tian , Jonathan Coleman , Colm O'Dwyer

Replacing lithium ions with sodium ions as the charge carriers in rechargeable batteries can induce noticeable differences in the electrochemical storage mechanisms of electrode materials. Many material parameters, such as particle size,…

Disorder-driven degradation phenomena, such as structural phase transformations and surface reconstructions, can significantly reduce the lifetime of Li-ion batteries, especially those with nickel-rich layered-oxide cathodes. We develop a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-04-25 Debbie Zhuang , Martin Z. Bazant

Characterizing electrochemical energy conversion devices during operation is an important strategy for correlating device performance with the properties of cell materials under real operating conditions. While operando characterization has…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-08-07 Jesse D. Benck , Daniel Rettenwander , Ariel Jackson , David Young , Yet-Ming Chiang

Second-order nonlinearity in solids gives rise to a plethora of unique physical phenomena ranging from piezoelectricity and optical rectification to optical parametric amplification, spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and the…

Compact solid discharge products enable energy storage devices with high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities, but solid deposits on active surfaces can disturb charge transport and induce mechanical stress. In this Letter we develop…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-07-26 B. Horstmann , B. Gallant , R. Mitchell , W. G. Bessler , Y. Shao-Horn , M. Z. Bazant

Oxygen defects govern the behavior of a range of materials spanning catalysis, quantum computing, and nuclear energy. Understanding and controlling these defects is particularly important for the safe use, storage, and disposal of actinide…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-08-13 Steven R. Spurgeon , Michel Sassi , Colin Ophus , Joanne E. Stubbs , Eugene S. Ilton , Edgar C. Buck

Silicon is one of the most promising anode materials for Lithium-ion batteries. Silicon endures volume changes upon cycling, which leads to subsequent pulverization and capacity fading. These drawbacks lead to a poor lifespan and hamper the…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-12-23 Mariam Ezzedine , Fatme Jardali , Ileana Florea , Mihai-robert Zamfir , Costel-sorin Cojocaru

We examine a new NASICON-type Na$_4$NiCr(PO$_4$)$_3$ material designed for high-voltage and multi-electron reactions for the sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). The Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction pattern, using the R$\bar{3}$c space…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-13 Madhav Sharma , Pooja Sindhu , Rajendra S. Dhaka