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The effect of gravitational wave of extremely low frequency on time delays between different locations on the Einstein ring in a lens system with an aligned source-deflector-observer configuration is investigated. The observer will observe…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-05 Wenshuai Liu

How does the appearance of a strongly lensed system change if a gravitational wave is produced by the lens? In this work we address this question by considering a supermassive black hole binary at the center of the lens emitting…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Leonardo Giani , Cullan Howlett , Tamara M. Davis

The effect of extremely low frequency primordial gravitational wave with arbitrary direction of propagation on a non-aligned gravitational lens system is investigated. From the point of view of real astrophysical lens model, singular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-20 Wenshuai Liu

Using Fermat's principle, we analyze the effects of very long wavelength gravitational waves upon the images of a gravitationally lensed quasar. We show that the lens equation in the presence of gravity waves is equivalent to that of a lens…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-09 J. Frieman , D. Harari , G. Surpi

Continuous gravitational waves are analogous to monochromatic light and therefore could be used to detect wave effects like interference or diffraction. This would be possible with strongly lensed gravitational waves. This article reviews…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-02 Marek Biesiada , Sreekanth Harikumar

We discuss the gravitational lensing of gravitational wave signals from coalescing binaries. We delineate the regime where wave effects are significant from the regime where geometric limit can be used. Further, we focus on the effect of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-18 Ashish Kumar Meena , J S Bagla

Primordial gravitational waves with extremely low frequency are expected to origin from inflation in the early Universe. The detection of such kind of gravitational waves is of great significance to verify the inflationary theory and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-11 Wenshuai Liu

Gravitational waves (GWs) from distant sources such as inspiralling and merging stellar-mass compact binaries, intermediate-mass and supermassive-binary-black-hole can be gravitationally lensed by intervening objects, ranging from stars and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-19 Zhiwei Chen , Youjun Lu

When gravitational waves propagate near massive objects, their paths curve resulting in gravitational lensing, which is expected to be a promising new instrument in astrophysics. If the time delay between different paths is comparable with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-14 Oleg Bulashenko , Helena Ubach

Gravitational waves propagate along null geodesics like light rays in the geometrical optics approximation, and they may have a chance to suffer from gravitational lensing by intervening objects, as is the case for electromagnetic waves.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-10-12 Yousuke Itoh , Toshifumi Futamase , Makoto Hattori

The study of light lensed by cosmic matter has yielded much information about astrophysical questions. Observations are explained using geometrical optics following a ray-based description of light. After deflection the lensed light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Valeria Rodriguez-Fajardo , Thao P. Nguyen , Kiyan S. Hocek , Jacob M. Freedman , Enrique J. Galvez

In light of the newly opened and rapidly growing gravitational waves window in multi-messenger astronomy, in order to fully take advantage of the new opportunities we are provided with, new ideas are required for a better and deeper employ…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-06 Paolo Cremonese , Vincenzo Salzano

The recent detection of gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic (EM) waves originating from the same source marks the start of a new multi-messenger era in astronomy. The arrival time difference between the GW and EM signal can be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-31 Paolo Cremonese , Edvard Mörtsell

Probing the relative speeds of gravitational waves and light acts as an important test of General Relativity and alternative theories of gravity. Measuring the arrival time of gravitational waves and electromagnetic counterparts can be used…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-03-08 Thomas E. Collett , David Bacon

Gravitational waves emitted from compact binary coalescence can be subject to wave diffraction if they are gravitationally lensed by an intervening mass clump whose Schwarzschild timescale matches the wave period. Waves in the ground-based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-28 Liang Dai , Shun-Sheng Li , Barak Zackay , Shude Mao , Youjun Lu

The gravitational lensing of gravitational waves might cause beat patterns detectable by interferometers. The feature of this kind of signal is the existence of the beat pattern in the early inspiral phase, followed by a seemingly randomly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-10 Shaoqi Hou , Xi-Long Fan , Kai Liao , Zong-Hong Zhu

Wave-mechanical effects in gravitational lensing have long been predicted, and with the discovery of populations of compact transients such as gravitational wave events and fast radio bursts, may soon be observed. We present an observer's…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-04-04 Calvin Leung , Dylan Jow , Prasenjit Saha , Liang Dai , Masamune Oguri , Léon V. E. Koopmans

Lensed gravitational waves will offer new means to probe the distribution of matter in the universe, complementary to electromagnetic signals. Lensed continuous gravitational waves provide new challenges and opportunities beyond those of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-01 Stefano Savastano , Filippo Vernizzi , Miguel Zumalacárregui

Gravitational wave (GW) astronomy offers the potential to probe the wave-optics regime of gravitational lensing. Wave optics (WO) effects are relevant at low frequencies, when the wavelength is comparable to the characteristic lensing time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-06 Giovanni Tambalo , Miguel Zumalacárregui , Liang Dai , Mark Ho-Yeuk Cheung

Just like light, gravitational waves (GWs) are deflected and magnified by gravitational fields as they propagate through the Universe. However, their low frequency, phase coherence and feeble coupling to matter allow for distinct lensing…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-29 Giovanni Tambalo , Miguel Zumalacárregui , Liang Dai , Mark Ho-Yeuk Cheung
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