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When traveling from their source to the observer, gravitational waves can get deflected by massive objects along their travel path. When the lens is massive enough and the source aligns closely with the line-of-sight to the lens, the wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-28 Justin Janquart , Anupreeta More , Chris Van Den Broeck

Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo could observe the first lensed gravitational waves in the coming years, while the future Einstein Telescope could observe hundreds of lensed events. Ground-based gravitational-wave detectors can resolve…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-25 Giulia Pagano , Otto A. Hannuksela , Tjonnie G. F. Li

It is expected that gravitational waves, similar to electromagnetic waves, can be gravitationally lensed by intervening matters, producing multiple instances of the same signal arriving at different times from different apparent luminosity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-14 Rico K. L. Lo , Ignacio Magana Hernandez

Gravitational lensing - the deflection of light rays by gravitating matter - has become a major tool in the armoury of the modern cosmologist. Proposed nearly a hundred years ago as a key feature of Einstein's theory of General Relativity,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-29 Tommaso Treu , Richard S. Ellis

In a gravitational lensing system, the relative transverse velocities of the lens, source, and observer induce a frequency shift in the observed radiation. While this shift is typically negligible in most astrophysical contexts, strategies…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-21 Mikołaj Korzyński , Mateusz Kulejewski

Similar to light, gravitational waves (GWs) can be lensed. Such lensing phenomena can magnify the waves, create multiple images observable as repeated events, and superpose several waveforms together, inducing potentially discernible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-19 Kyungmin Kim , Joongoo Lee , Robin S. H. Yuen , Otto Akseli Hannuksela , Tjonnie G. F. Li

In this paper, we study the strong gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) from a statistical perspective, with particular focus on the high frequency GWs from stellar binary black hole coalescences. These are most promising…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-21 Shun-Sheng Li , Shude Mao , Yuetong Zhao , Youjun Lu

Gravitational waves affect the observed direction of light from distant sources. At telescopes, this change in direction appears as periodic variations in the apparent positions of these sources on the sky; that is, as proper motion. A wave…

The wave effect in the gravitational lensing phenomenon by a straight cosmic string is investigated. The interference pattern is expressed in terms of a simple formula. We demonstrate that modulations of the interfered wave amplitude can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kazuhiro Yamamoto , Keiji Tsunoda

The gravitational waves (GWs) has been a topic of interest for its versatile capabilities of probing several aspects of cosmology and early Universe. Gravitational lensing enhances further the extent of this sort of waves and upgrade our…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-20 Ashadul Halder , Shibaji Banerjee , Debasish Majumdar

Gravitational lensing offers unique opportunities to learn about the astrophysical origin of distant sources, the abundance of intervening objects acting as lenses, and gravity and cosmology in general. However, all this information can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-20 Anson Chen , Paolo Cremonese , Jose María Ezquiaga , David Keitel

An enigmatic prediction of Einstein's general theory of relativity is gravitational waves. With the observed decay in the orbit of the Hulse-Taylor binary pulsar agreeing within a fraction of a percent with the theoretically computed decay…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-18 S. V. Dhurandhar

Gravitational wave predicted by General Relativity is the transverse wave of spatial strain. Several gravitational waveform signals from binary black holes and from a binary neutron star system accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-02 Kai Liao , Marek Biesiada , Xi-Long Fan

We propose a new method to test the cosmic distance duality relation using the strongly lensed gravitational waves. The simultaneous observations of image positions, the relative time delay between different images, the redshift…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-04-23 Hai-Nan Lin , Xin Li

Black hole lensing and gravitational waves are, respectively, closely dependent of the property of the lens and radiation source. In this letter, a universal relation between them is established for a rotating black hole acting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-26 Shao-Wen Wei , Yu-Xiao Liu

Detection of gravitational waves produced by merger of binary compact objects could provide an independent way for measuring the luminosity distance to the gravitational-wave burst source, indicating that gravitational-wave observation,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-15 Xuan-Neng Zhang , Ling-Feng Wang , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

The coherent nature of gravitational wave emanating from a compact binary system makes it possible to detect some interference patterns in two (or more) signals registered simultaneously by the detector. Gravitational lensing effect can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-03 Shaoqi Hou , Pengbo Li , Hai Yu , Marek Biesiada , Xi-Long Fan , Seiji Kawamura , Zong-Hong Zhu

The diffraction patterns of lensed gravitational waves encode information about their propagation speeds. If gravitons have mass, the dispersion relation and speed of gravitational waves will be affected in a frequency-dependent manner,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-23 Ka-Wai Chung , Tjonnie Guang Feng Li

In the gravitational lensing of gravitational waves, the wave optics should be used instead of the geometrical optics when the wavelength $\lambda$ of the gravitational waves is longer than the Schwarzschild radius of the lens mass $M_L$.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ryuichi Takahashi , Takashi Nakamura

Gravitational-wave astronomy will soon become a new tool for observing the Universe. Detecting and interpreting gravitational waves will require deep theoretical insights into astronomical sources. The past three decades have seen…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-03 Alessandra Buonanno , B. S. Sathyaprakash