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Using the weak convergence approach, we prove the large deviation principle (LDP) for solutions to quasilinear stochastic evolution equations with small Gaussian noise in the critical variational setting, a recently developed general…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-23 Esmée Theewis , Mark Veraar

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in performing complex tasks. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has been effective in aligning LLMs with human preferences, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Chaoqi Wang , Zhuokai Zhao , Yibo Jiang , Zhaorun Chen , Chen Zhu , Yuxin Chen , Jiayi Liu , Lizhu Zhang , Xiangjun Fan , Hao Ma , Sinong Wang

In this paper we investigate the normal and the large fluctuations of additive functionals associated with a stochastic process under a general non-Poissonian resetting mechanism. Cumulative functionals of regenerative processes are very…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-24 Marco Zamparo

We prove a large deviation principle for the largest eigenvalue of Wigner matrices without Gaussian tails, namely such that the distribution tails $\mathbb{P}( |X_{1,1}|>t)$ and $\mathbb{P}(|X_{1,2}|>t)$ behave like $e^{-bt^{\alpha}}$ and…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-10-11 Fanny Augeri

We consider a class of slow-fast processes on a connected complete Riemannian manifold $M$.The limiting dynamics as the scale separation goes to $\infty$ is governed by the averaging principle. Around this limit, we prove large deviation…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Yanyan Hu , Richard C. Kraaij , Fubao Xi

The large deviation principle is established for the distributions of a class of generalized stochastic porous media equations for both small noise and short time.

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Röckner , Feng-Yu Wang , Liming Wu

We consider weighted geodesic random walks in a complete Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$. We show that for almost all sequences of weights (with respect to a suitable measure), these weighted geodesic random walks satisfy, when suitably scaled,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Rik Versendaal

This paper is concerned with the large deviation principle of the stochastic reaction-diffusion lattice systems defined on the N-dimensional integer set, where the nonlinear drift term is locally Lipschitz continuous with polynomial growth…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-05-12 Bixiang Wang

We investigate the large deviation properties of the maximum likelihood estimators for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with shift. We estimate simultaneously the drift and shift parameters. On the one hand, we establish a large deviation…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-09-05 Bernard Bercu , Adrien Richou

In this paper, we obtain almost sure invariance principles with rate of order $n^{1/p}\log^\beta n$, $2< p\le 4$, for sums associated to a sequence of reverse martingale differences. Then, we apply those results to obtain similar…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-09-18 Christophe Cuny , Florence Merlevede

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse natural language tasks, yet the reward models employed for aligning LLMs often encounter challenges of reward hacking, where the approaches predominantly rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Biao Liu , Ning Xu , Junming Yang , Hao Xu , Xin Geng

In this article we prove large deviations principles for high minima of Gaussian processes with nonnegatively correlated increments on arbitrary intervals. Furthermore, we prove large deviations principles for the increments of such…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-08 Zachary Selk

For a fractional Brownian motion $B^H$ with Hurst parameter $H\in]{1/4},{1/2}[\cup]{1/2},1[$, multiple indefinite integrals on a simplex are constructed and the regularity of their sample paths are studied. Then, it is proved that the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marta Sanz-Solé , Iván Torrecilla-Tarantino

In this paper, we establish the large deviation principle for 3D stochastic primitive equations with small perturbation multiplicative noise. The proof is mainly based on the weak convergence approach.

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-14 Zhao Dong , Jianliang Zhai , Rangrang Zhang

In this paper, we consider a class of reflected stochastic differential equations for which the constraint is not on the paths of the solution but on its law. We establish a small noise large deviation principle, a large deviation for short…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-27 Ping Chen , Jianliang Zhai

We consider level-2 large deviations for the one-sided countable full shift without assuming the existence of Bowen's Gibbs state. To deal with non-compact closed sets, we provide a sufficient condition in terms of inducing which ensures…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Hiroki Takahasi

We study the large-time asymptotic of renewal-reward processes with a heavy-tailed waiting time distribution. It is known that the heavy tail of the distribution produces an extremely slow dynamics, resulting in a singular large deviation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-01-05 Hiroshi Horii , Raphael Lefevere , Takahiro Nemoto

We study a large deviation principle for a reflected stochastic partial differential equation on infinite spatial domain. A new sufficient condition for the weak convergence criterion proposed by Matoussi, Sabbagh and Zhang ({\it Appl.…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-07-15 Ran Wang , Beibei Zhang

We establish large deviation principles and phase transition results for both quenched and annealed settings of nearest-neighbor random walks with constant drift in random nonnegative potentials on $\mathbb Z^d$. We complement the analysis…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Markus Flury

As an important tool characterizing the long time behavior of Markov processes, the Donsker-Varadhan LDP (large deviation principle) does not directly apply to distribution dependent SDEs/SPDEs since the solutions are non-Markovian. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-21 Panpan Ren , Feng-Yu Wang