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Effectively modeling long spatiotemporal sequences is challenging due to the need to model complex spatial correlations and long-range temporal dependencies simultaneously. ConvLSTMs attempt to address this by updating tensor-valued states…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Jimmy T. H. Smith , Shalini De Mello , Jan Kautz , Scott W. Linderman , Wonmin Byeon

Effectively learning from sequential data is a longstanding goal of Artificial Intelligence, especially in the case of long sequences. From the dawn of Machine Learning, several researchers have pursued algorithms and architectures capable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Matteo Tiezzi , Michele Casoni , Alessandro Betti , Marco Gori , Stefano Melacci

Emerging applications such as AR are driving demands for machine intelligence capable of processing continuous and/or long-context inputs on local devices. However, currently dominant models based on Transformer architecture suffers from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Saptarshi Mitra , Rachid Karami , Haocheng Xu , Sitao Huang , Hyoukjun Kwon

Sequence models based on linear state spaces (SSMs) have recently emerged as a promising choice of architecture for modeling long range dependencies across various modalities. However, they invariably rely on discretization of a continuous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Ankit Gupta , Harsh Mehta , Jonathan Berant

Despite the promising performance of state space models (SSMs) in long sequence modeling, limitations still exist. Advanced SSMs like S5 and S6 (Mamba) in addressing non-uniform sampling, their recursive structures impede efficient SSM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Biqing Qi , Junqi Gao , Kaiyan Zhang , Dong Li , Jianxing Liu , Ligang Wu , Bowen Zhou

Time series modeling is a well-established problem, which often requires that methods (1) expressively represent complicated dependencies, (2) forecast long horizons, and (3) efficiently train over long sequences. State-space models (SSMs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Michael Zhang , Khaled K. Saab , Michael Poli , Tri Dao , Karan Goel , Christopher Ré

Modern large language models are built on sequence modeling via next-token prediction. While the Transformer remains the dominant architecture for sequence modeling, its quadratic decoding complexity in sequence length poses a major…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Bo Liu , Rui Wang , Lemeng Wu , Yihao Feng , Peter Stone , Qiang Liu

Although state-space models (SSMs) have demonstrated strong performance on long-sequence benchmarks, most research has emphasized predictive accuracy rather than interpretability. In this work, we present the first systematic kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Srividya Ravikumar , Abhinav Anand , Shweta Verma , Mira Mezini

Video diffusion models have recently shown promise for world modeling through autoregressive frame prediction conditioned on actions. However, they struggle to maintain long-term memory due to the high computational cost associated with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ryan Po , Yotam Nitzan , Richard Zhang , Berlin Chen , Tri Dao , Eli Shechtman , Gordon Wetzstein , Xun Huang

Existing models encounter bottlenecks in balancing performance and computational efficiency when modeling long sequences. Although the state space model (SSM) has achieved remarkable success in handling long sequence tasks, it still faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Tongyi Liang , Han-Xiong Li

Known as low energy consumption networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained a lot of attention within the past decades. While SNNs are increasing competitive with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for vision tasks, they are rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuaijie Shen , Chao Wang , Renzhuo Huang , Yan Zhong , Qinghai Guo , Zhichao Lu , Jianguo Zhang , Luziwei Leng

Recent State Space Models (SSMs) such as S4, S5, and Mamba have shown remarkable computational benefits in long-range temporal dependency modeling. However, in many sequence modeling problems, the underlying process is inherently modular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jindong Jiang , Fei Deng , Gautam Singh , Minseung Lee , Sungjin Ahn

The goal of this paper is to provide a system identification-friendly introduction to the Structured State-space Models (SSMs). These models have become recently popular in the machine learning community since, owing to their…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-21 Fabio Bonassi , Carl Andersson , Per Mattsson , Thomas B. Schön

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) offer fast inference on long sequences but are hard to optimize and slow to train. Deep state-space models (SSMs) have recently been shown to perform remarkably well on long sequence modeling tasks, and have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Antonio Orvieto , Samuel L Smith , Albert Gu , Anushan Fernando , Caglar Gulcehre , Razvan Pascanu , Soham De

Long-range dependencies are critical for understanding genomic structure and function, yet most conventional methods struggle with them. Widely adopted transformer-based models, while excelling at short-context tasks, are limited by the…

In this work, we introduce S4M, a new efficient speech separation framework based on neural state-space models (SSM). Motivated by linear time-invariant systems for sequence modeling, our SSM-based approach can efficiently model input…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Chen Chen , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Kai Li , Yuchen Hu , Pin-Jui Ku , Eng Siong Chng

Structured state-space models (SSMs) such as S4, stemming from the seminal work of Gu et al., are gaining popularity as effective approaches for modeling sequential data. Deep SSMs demonstrate outstanding performance across a diverse set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Nicola Muca Cirone , Antonio Orvieto , Benjamin Walker , Cristopher Salvi , Terry Lyons

State space models (SSMs) have emerged as a powerful framework for modelling long-range dependencies in sequence data. Unlike traditional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), SSMs offer a structured and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Siddhanth Bhat

Modeling long-range dependencies across sequences is a longstanding goal in machine learning and has led to architectures, such as state space models, that dramatically outperform Transformers on long sequences. However, these impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Ido Amos , Jonathan Berant , Ankit Gupta

Linear recurrent neural networks, such as State Space Models (SSMs) and Linear Recurrent Units (LRUs), have recently shown state-of-the-art performance on long sequence modelling benchmarks. Despite their success, their empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Kai Biegun , Rares Dolga , Jake Cunningham , David Barber