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Existing permissioned blockchains often rely on coordination-based consensus protocols to ensure the safe execution of applications in a Byzantine environment. Furthermore, these protocols serialize the transactions by ordering them into a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Pezhman Nasirifard , Ruben Mayer , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Blockchain has received increasing attention in academia and industry. However, the increasing transaction volumes and limited on-chain storage underscore scalability as a key challenge hindering the widespread adoption of blockchain.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Xiaojie Wang , Hanxue Li , Ling Yi , Zhaolong Ning , Song Guo , Yan Zhang

INTRODUCTION: The proliferation of the amalgamation of IoT and edge computing has increased the demand for decentralised trust and security mechanisms capable of operating across heterogeneous and resource-limited devices. Approaches such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Khandoker Ashik Uz Zaman , Mahdi H. Miraz , Mohammed N. M. Ali

Different versions of peer-to-peer electronic cash exist as data represented by separate blockchains. Payments between such systems cannot be sent directly from one party to another without going through a financial institution. Bitcoin…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-09-12 S. Matthew English , Fabrizio Orlandi , Soeren Auer

Options are fundamental to blockchain-based financial services, offering essential tools for risk management and price speculation, which enhance liquidity, flexibility, and market efficiency in decentralized finance (DeFi). Despite the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zifan Peng , Yingjie Xue , Jingyu Liu

This study proposes a novel solution that provides secure interoperability for blockchains, which improves the overall scalability of the whole blockchain network. In our solution, a cross-chain task will build a one-time cross-blockchain…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Keyang Liu , Yukio Ohsawa

This research article presents various design patterns for improving interoperability in Polkadot, a blockchain platform. These patterns include chain bridges, interoperability standards, common asset identifiers, governance agreements,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Santiago Márquez Solís

Blockchain has received tremendous attention as a secure, distributed, and anonymous framework for the Internet of Things (IoT). As a distributed system, blockchain trades off scalability for distribution, which limits the technologys…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Ali Dorri , Shailesh Mishra , Raja Jurdak

Bitcoin, the first peer-to-peer electronic cash system, opened the door to permissionless, private, and trustless transactions. Attempts to repurpose Bitcoin's underlying blockchain technology have run up against fundamental limitations to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-01 Johnny Dilley , Andrew Poelstra , Jonathan Wilkins , Marta Piekarska , Ben Gorlick , Mark Friedenbach

As blockchain technology gains traction for enhancing data security and operational efficiency, traditional centralized authentication systems remain a significant bottleneck. This paper addresses the challenge of integrating decentralized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Faisal Haque Bappy , Joon S. Park , Kamrul Hasan , Tariqul Islam

In this paper, we present a protocol for facilitating trust-less cross-chain cryptocurrency transfers that preserve privacy of bridge withdrawals. We leverage zero-knowledge primitives that are commonly used to design cryptocurrency mixing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Drew Stone

Blockchain technology has been envisaged to commence an era of decentralised applications and services (DApps) without the need for a trusted intermediary. Such DApps open a marketplace in which services are delivered to end-users by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Nguyen Truong , Gyu Myoung Lee , Kai Sun , Florian Guitton , Yike Guo

In the Zendoo white paper, we introduced a novel sidechain construction for Bitcoin-like blockchains, which allows a mainchain to create and communicate with sidechains of different types without knowing their internal structure. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Alberto Garoffolo , Dmytro Kaidalov , Roman Oliynykov

The Web3 ecosystem is highly fragmented, making seamless integration difficult for over a billion Web2 businesses, enterprises, and AI protocols. As blockchains, rollups, and app-specific chains expand, cross-chain interactions remain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Hardik Gajera , Akhil Reddy , Bhagath Reddy

The development of blockchain technologies has enabled the trustless execution of so-called smart contracts, i.e. programs that regulate the exchange of assets (e.g., cryptocurrency) between users. In a decentralized blockchain, the state…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Massimo Bartoletti , Letterio Galletta , Maurizio Murgia

This thesis proposes techniques aiming to make blockchain technologies and smart contract platforms practical by improving their scalability, latency, and privacy. This thesis starts by presenting the design and implementation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Alberto Sonnino

We propose LazyLedger, a design for distributed ledgers where the blockchain is optimised for solely ordering and guaranteeing the availability of transaction data. Responsibility for executing and validating transactions is shifted to only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Mustafa Al-Bassam

This paper formalizes the proves the security of the Bridgeless protocol, a protocol able to bridge tokens between various chains. The Bridgeless protocol is run by a set of validators, responsible for verifying deposit transactions on the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Orestis Alpos , Oleg Fomenko , Dimitris Karakostas , Oleksandr Kurbatov , Andrey Sabelnikov

The convergence of blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) enables secure, decentralised, and verifiable data exchange across distributed smart environments. However, traditional blockchain frameworks suffer from inherent scalability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hasan Mahmud Rhidoy , Mahdi H. Miraz , Iftekhar Salam

Metaverse has rekindled human beings' desire to further break space-time barriers by fusing the virtual and real worlds. However, security and privacy threats hinder us from building a utopia. A metaverse embraces various techniques, while…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Minghui Xu , Yihao Guo , Qin Hu , Zehui Xiong , Dongxiao Yu , Xiuzhen Cheng