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Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations are widely used for modeling plasma kinetics by tracking discrete particle dynamics. However, their computational cost remains prohibitively high, due to the need to simulate large numbers of particles to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Jianhua Lv , Linlin Zhong

A new approach to the kinetic simulation of plasmas in complex geometries, based on the Particle-in- Cell (PIC) simulation method, is explored. In the two dimensional (2d) electrostatic version of our method, called the Arbitrary…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 C. A. Fichtl , J. M. Finn , K. L. Cartwright

There are many interesting physical processes which involve the generation of high density plasmas in large volumes. However, when modeling these systems numerically, the large densities and volumes present a significant computational…

Computational Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. E. Schulz , A. D. Greenwood , K. L. Cartwright , P. J. Mardahl

Based on the particle-in-cell (PIC) plasma simulation method, the speed-limited PIC (SLPIC) method delivers faster kinetic plasma simulation in cases where the particle distributions evolve slowly compared with the maximum stable PIC…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-01-09 Gregory R. Werner , Thomas G. Jenkins , Andrew M. Chap , John R. Cary

Particle acceleration in collisionless plasma systems is a central question in astroplasma and astroparticle physics. The structure of the acceleration regions, electron-ion energy equilibration, preacceleration of particles at shocks to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-02-19 Martin Pohl , Masahiro Hoshino , Jacek Niemiec

Kinetic Particle In Cell (PIC) methods can extend greatly their range of applicability if implicit time differencing and spatial adaption are used to address the wide range of time and length scales typical of plasmas. For implicit…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2008-06-05 Giovanni Lapenta

Direct studies of intense laser-solid interactions is still of great challenges, because of the many coupled physical mechanisms, such as direct laser heating, ionization dynamics, collision among charged particles, and electrostatic or…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-03-16 D. Wu , X. T. He , W. Yu , S. Fritzsche

We present a hybrid quantum-classical electrostatic Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method, where the electrostatic field Poisson solver is implemented on a quantum computer simulator using a hybrid classical-quantum Neural Network (HNN) using…

Room-temperature metals and semi-metals which consist of a gas of bound electrons in a near-continuum band structure can be classified as cold quantum plasmas. This insight suggests that Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulations, traditionally…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Gregory K. Ngirmang , Hue T. B. Do , Guangxin Liu , Michel Bosman , Lin Wu

Particle-In-Cell (PIC) codes are broadly applied to the kinetic simulation of plasmas, from laser-matter interaction to astrophysics. Their heavy simulation cost can be mitigated by using the Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD)…

Kinetic plasma processes, such as magnetic reconnection, collisionless shocks, and turbulence, are fundamental to the dynamics of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. Simulating these processes often requires particle-in-cell (PIC)…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 S. R. Totorica , K. V. Lezhnin , W. Fox

In this dissertation, a fully object-oriented, fully relativistic, multi-dimensional Particle-In-Cell code was developed and applied to answer key questions in plasma-based accelerator research. The simulations increase the understanding of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-03-03 Roy G. Hemker

Particle in Cell (PIC) simulations have become a vital tool for the investigation of kinetic processes in plasma physics. Many of the systems investigated with PIC simulations contain particles with relativistic velocities. The correct…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Holger Schmitz

We design and develop a new Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method for plasma simulations using Deep-Learning (DL) to calculate the electric field from the electron phase space. We train a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and a Convolutional Neural…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Xavier Aguilar , Stefano Markidis

We present the standard electromagnetic Particle-in-Cell method, starting from the discrete approximation of derivatives on a uniform grid. The application to second-order, centered, finite-difference discretization of the equations of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 J. L. Vay

Space plasma simulations have seen an increase in the use of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) with embedded Particle-in-Cell (PIC) models. This combined MHD-EPIC algorithm simulates some regions of interest using the kinetic PIC method while…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Yinsi Shou , Valeriy Tenishev , Yuxi Chen , Gabor Toth , Natalia Ganushkina

We review common extensions of particle-in-cell (PIC) schemes which account for strong field phenomena in laser-plasma interactions. After describing the physical processes of interest and their numerical implementation, we provide…

Numerical heating in particle-in-cell (PIC) codes currently precludes the accurate simulation of cold, relativistic plasma over long periods, severely limiting their applications in astrophysical environments. We present a spatially…

Particle-in-Cell (PIC) methods are widely used computational tools for fluid and kinetic plasma modeling. While both the fluid and kinetic PIC approaches have been successfully used to target either kinetic or fluid simulations, little was…

Laboratory plasmas in open magnetic geometries can be found in many different applications such as (1) Scrape-Of-Layer (SOL) and divertor regions in toroidal confinement fusion devices (\approx1-10^2\hspace{1mm}\mathrm{eV}), (2) linear…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-02-09 Atul Kumar , J. F. Caneses Marin