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We introduce Speech-IFeval, an evaluation framework designed to assess instruction-following capabilities and quantify catastrophic forgetting in speech-aware language models (SLMs). Recent SLMs integrate speech perception with large…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Ke-Han Lu , Chun-Yi Kuan , Hung-yi Lee

At least 360 million people worldwide have disabling hearing loss that frequently causes difficulties in day-to-day conversations. Hearing aids often fail to offer enough benefits and have low adoption rates. However, people with hearing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Benjamin M. Gorman

Text-based open-ended questions in academic formative and summative assessments help students become deep learners and prepare them to understand concepts for a subsequent conceptual assessment. However, grading text-based questions,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Rujun Gao , Hillary E. Merzdorf , Saira Anwar , M. Cynthia Hipwell , Arun Srinivasa

A multiagent sequential decision problem has been seen in many critical applications including urban transportation, autonomous driving cars, military operations, etc. Its widely known solution, namely multiagent reinforcement learning, has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Yanyu Liu , Yinghui Pan , Yifeng Zeng , Biyang Ma , Doshi Prashant

Nowadays, learning increasingly involves the usage of search engines and web resources. The related interdisciplinary research field search as learning aims to understand how people learn on the web. Previous work has investigated several…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Wolfgang Gritz , Anett Hoppe , Ralph Ewerth

Multimodal representations and continual learning are two areas closely related to human intelligence. The former considers the learning of shared representation spaces where information from different modalities can be compared and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Kai Wang , Luis Herranz , Joost van de Weijer

An important result from psycholinguistics (Griffiths & Kalish, 2005) states that no language can be learned iteratively by rational agents in a self-sustaining manner. We show how to modify the learning process slightly in order to achieve…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-14 Bernard Chazelle , Chu Wang

In this paper, we propose MMER, a novel Multimodal Multi-task learning approach for Speech Emotion Recognition. MMER leverages a novel multimodal network based on early-fusion and cross-modal self-attention between text and acoustic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Sreyan Ghosh , Utkarsh Tyagi , S Ramaneswaran , Harshvardhan Srivastava , Dinesh Manocha

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly versatile, numerous large scale benchmarks have been developed to thoroughly assess their capabilities. These benchmarks typically consist of diverse datasets and prompts to evaluate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yang Li , Jie Ma , Miguel Ballesteros , Yassine Benajiba , Graham Horwood

Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings of brain activity taken while participants read or listen to language are widely used within the cognitive neuroscience and psycholinguistics communities as a tool to study language comprehension.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Dan Schwartz , Tom Mitchell

Skills have become the de facto way to enable LLM agents to perform complex real-world tasks with customized instructions, workflows, and tools, but how to learn them automatically and effectively remains unclear. We introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Shanshan Zhong , Yi Lu , Jingjie Ning , Yibing Wan , Lihan Feng , Yuyi Ao , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Markus Dreyer , Sean Ammirati , Chenyan Xiong

We investigate a new setting for foreign language learning, where learners infer the meaning of unfamiliar words in a multimodal context of a sentence describing a paired image. We conduct studies with human participants using different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yufei Wang , Adriana Kovashka , Loretta Fernández , Marc N. Coutanche , Seth Wiener

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate impressive problem-solving abilities across a wide range of tasks and domains. However, their capacity for face understanding has not been systematically studied. To address this gap, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Kartik Narayan , Vibashan VS , Vishal M. Patel

This study delved into the viability of Robot-supported flipped classes in English for Medical Purposes reading comprehension. In a 16-session course, the reading comprehension and then workspace performance of 444 students, with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Amin Rezasoltani , Ehsa Saffari , Farzam Tajdari

Connecting text and visual modalities plays an essential role in generative intelligence. For this reason, inspired by the success of large language models, significant research efforts are being devoted to the development of Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Davide Caffagni , Federico Cocchi , Luca Barsellotti , Nicholas Moratelli , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Word embeddings such as ELMo have recently been shown to model word semantics with greater efficacy through contextualized learning on large-scale language corpora, resulting in significant improvement in state of the art across many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Shao-Yen Tseng , Panayiotis Georgiou , Shrikanth Narayanan

This paper presents the development and validation of an eye-tracking dataset designed to investigate how second-language (L2) learners process idiomatic expressions. While native speakers often rely on direct retrieval of figurative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Eduardo Santos , Juliana Carvalho , César Rennó-Costa

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering practice is reshaping how software testing activities are performed. LLMs are increasingly used to support software testing. Consequently, software testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peng Yang , Yunfeng Zhu , Chao Chang , Shengcheng Yu , Zhenyu Chen , Yong Tang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as epistemic partners in everyday reasoning, yet their errors remain predominantly analyzed through predictive metrics rather than through their interpretive effects on human judgment. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Claudia Vale Oliveira , Nelson Zagalo , Filipe Silva , Anabela Brandao , Syeda Faryal Hussain Khurrum , Joaquim Santos

Automatic readability assessment plays a key role in ensuring effective and accessible written communication. Despite significant progress, the field is hindered by inconsistent definitions of readability and measurements that rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Catarina G Belem , Parker Glenn , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu