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Dust can play an important role in shaping the X-ray spectra and images of astrophysical sources. In this work we report on the implementation of dust in the ray-tracing platform RefleX. We illustrate the different effects associated to the…
Classical methods for X-ray computed tomography are based on the assumption that the X-ray source intensity is known, but in practice, the intensity is measured and hence uncertain. Under normal operating conditions, when the exposure time…
In high-intensity (> 10^21W/cm^2) laser-matter interactions gamma-ray photon emission by the electrons can strongly affect the electron's dynamics and copious numbers of electron-positron pairs can be produced by the emitted photons. We…
Photon counting detection is a promising approach toward effectively reducing the radiation dose in x-ray computed tomography (CT). Full CT reconstruction from a fraction of the detected photons required by scintillation-based detectors has…
In X-ray imaging, photons are transmitted through and absorbed by the subject, but are also scattered in significant quantities. Previous attempts to use scattered photons for biological imaging used pencil or fan beam illumination. Here we…
Transient X-ray absorption techniques can measure ultrafast dynamics of the elemental edges in a material or multiple layer junction, giving them immense potential for deconvoluting concurrent processes. However, the interpretation of the…
The increasingly demand for machining accuracy and product quality excites a great interest in high-resolution non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, but spatial resolution of conventional high-energy computed tomography (CT) is limited to…
A realistic computer-simulation of a breast computed tomography (CT) system and subject is constructed. The model is used to investigate the optimal number of views for the scan given a fixed total X-ray fluence. The reconstruction…
Pulse profiles from X-ray pulsars often exhibit strong energy dependence and both periodic and aperiodic variations with time. The great variety of profiles observed in various sources, and even from individual sources, makes it difficult…
We previously demonstrated near-field speckle scanning based x-ray imaging to be an easy-to-implement phase sensing method capable of providing both high sensitivity and high resolution. Yet, this performance combination could only be…
Background: Spectral shaping is a computed tomography (CT) dose optimization technique that adjusts source voltage and filtration to reduce patient radiation exposure without compromising image quality. Traditionally, radiation dose has…
High-resolution x-ray tomography is a common technique for biomedical research using synchrotron sources. With advancements in laboratory x-ray sources, an increasing number of experiments can be performed in the lab. In this paper, the…
We use gas-dynamical simulations of galaxy clusters to compare their X-ray and strong lensing properties. Special emphasis is laid on mass estimates. The cluster masses range between 6 x 10^14 solar masses and 4 x 10^15 solar masses, and…
X-ray computed tomography (CT) has an indispensable role in constructing 3D images of objects made from light materials. However, limited by absorption coefficients, X-rays cannot deeply penetrate materials such as copper and lead. Here we…
The effective bandwidth of an energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy system is limited by the timing of incident photons. When multiple photons strike the detector within the processing time of the detector photon pile-up occurs…
In several image acquisition and processing steps of X-ray radiography, knowledge of the existence of metal implants and their exact position is highly beneficial (e.g. dose regulation, image contrast adjustment). Another application which…
X-ray microtomography at synchrotron sources is fundamentally limited by the high radiation dose applied to the samples, which restricts investigations to non-native tissue states and thereby compromises the biological relevance of the…
The time-dependent phase change of x rays after transmission through a sample has been determined experimentally. We used an x-ray interferometer with a reference sample containing sharp nuclear resonances to prepare a phase-controlled…
In this paper we investigate, with a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation based on Geant4, the novel approach [Nucl. Instrum. Methods A588 (2008) 457] to 3D imaging with photon scattering. A monochromatic and well collimated gamma beam is used…
Recently, the dual-phase grating based X-ray differential phase contrast imaging technique has shown better radiation dose efficiency performance than the Talbot-Lau system. In this paper, we provide a theoretical analyses framework derived…