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Fair clustering has gained increasing attention in recent years, especially in applications involving socially sensitive attributes. However, existing fair clustering methods often lack interpretability, limiting their applicability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Mudi Jiang , Jiahui Zhou , Xinying Liu , Zengyou He , Zhikui Chen

Decision-making plays a pivotal role in shaping outcomes in various disciplines, such as medicine, economics, and business. This paper provides guidance to practitioners on how to implement a decision tree designed to address treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-06-05 Hugo Bodory , Federica Mascolo , Michael Lechner

Tree-based machine learning models such as random forests, decision trees, and gradient boosted trees are the most popular non-linear predictive models used in practice today, yet comparatively little attention has been paid to explaining…

In this study, we present a novel clinical decision support system and discuss its interpretability-related properties. It combines a decision set of rules with a machine learning scheme to offer global and local interpretability. More…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-07-16 Francisco Valente , Simão Paredes , Jorge Henriques

There is a growing desire in the field of reinforcement learning (and machine learning in general) to move from black-box models toward more "interpretable AI." We improve interpretability of reinforcement learning by increasing the utility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Aaron M. Roth , Nicholay Topin , Pooyan Jamshidi , Manuela Veloso

When drawing causal inferences about the effects of multiple treatments on clustered survival outcomes using observational data, we need to address implications of the multilevel data structure, multiple treatments, censoring and unmeasured…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-18 Liangyuan Hu , Jiayi Ji , Ronald D. Ennis , Joseph W. Hogan

Tree ensemble models like random forests and gradient boosting machines are widely used in machine learning due to their excellent predictive performance. However, a high-performance ensemble consisting of a large number of decision trees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-28 Zebin Yang , Agus Sudjianto , Xiaoming Li , Aijun Zhang

In healthcare there is a pursuit for employing interpretable algorithms to assist healthcare professionals in several decision scenarios. Following the Predictive, Descriptive and Relevant (PDR) framework, the definition of interpretable…

Many recent breakthroughs in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) require the use of deep neural networks, which are challenging for human experts to interpret and understand. On the other hand, existing work on interpretable…

With the rise of the digital economy and an explosion of available information about consumers, effective personalization of goods and services has become a core business focus for companies to improve revenues and maintain a competitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Zhaonan Qu , Isabella Qian , Zhengyuan Zhou

Interpretable reinforcement learning policies are essential for high-stakes decision-making, yet optimizing decision tree policies in Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) remains challenging. We propose SPOT, a novel method for computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xuyuan Xiong , Pedro Chumpitaz-Flores , Kaixun Hua , Cheng Hua

The increasing use of machine learning in high-stakes domains -- where people's livelihoods are impacted -- creates an urgent need for interpretable, fair, and highly accurate algorithms. With these needs in mind, we propose a mixed integer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Nathanael Jo , Sina Aghaei , Andrés Gómez , Phebe Vayanos

When resources are scarce, an allocation policy is needed to decide who receives a resource. This problem occurs, for instance, when allocating scarce medical resources and is often solved using modern ML methods. This paper introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Niclas Boehmer , Yash Nair , Sanket Shah , Lucas Janson , Aparna Taneja , Milind Tambe

The use of machine learning algorithms in finance, medicine, and criminal justice can deeply impact human lives. As a consequence, research into interpretable machine learning has rapidly grown in an attempt to better control and fix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Thibaut Vidal , Toni Pacheco , Maximilian Schiffer

With dramatic improvements in optimization software, the solution of large-scale problems that seemed intractable decades ago are now a routine task. This puts even more real-world applications into the reach of optimizers. At the same…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Marc Goerigk , Michael Hartisch

For optimization models to be used in practice, it is crucial that users trust the results. A key factor in this aspect is the interpretability of the solution process. A previous framework for inherently interpretable optimization models…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Marc Goerigk , Michael Hartisch , Sebastian Merten , Kartikey Sharma

One of the key challenges when developing a predictive model is the capability to describe the domain knowledge and the cause-effect relationships in a simple way. Decision rules are a useful and important methodology in this context,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Francisco Valente , Jorge Henriques , Simão Paredes , Teresa Rocha , Paulo de Carvalho , João Morais

Recent statistical and reinforcement learning methods have significantly advanced patient care strategies. However, these approaches face substantial challenges in high-stakes contexts, including missing data, inherent stochasticity, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Harsh Parikh , Quinn Lanners , Zade Akras , Sahar F. Zafar , M. Brandon Westover , Cynthia Rudin , Alexander Volfovsky

This paper explores interpretability techniques for two of the most successful learning algorithms in medical decision-making literature: deep neural networks and random forests. We applied these algorithms in a real-world medical dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Catarina Moreira , Renuka Sindhgatta , Chun Ouyang , Peter Bruza , Andreas Wichert

We consider the task of evaluating policies of algorithmic resource allocation through randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Such policies are tasked with optimizing the utilization of limited intervention resources, with the goal of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Aditya Mate , Bryan Wilder , Aparna Taneja , Milind Tambe