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Potential games are arguably one of the most important and widely studied classes of normal form games. They define the archetypal setting of multi-agent coordination as all agent utilities are perfectly aligned with each other via a common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Stefanos Leonardos , Will Overman , Ioannis Panageas , Georgios Piliouras

We examine global non-asymptotic convergence properties of policy gradient methods for multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) problems in Markov potential games (MPG). To learn a Nash equilibrium of an MPG in which the size of state space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Dongsheng Ding , Chen-Yu Wei , Kaiqing Zhang , Mihailo R. Jovanović

Performative Reinforcement Learning (PRL) refers to a scenario in which the deployed policy changes the reward and transition dynamics of the underlying environment. In this work, we study multi-agent PRL by incorporating performative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Rilind Sahitaj , Paulius Sasnauskas , Yiğit Yalın , Debmalya Mandal , Goran Radanović

This work studies an independent natural policy gradient (NPG) algorithm for the multi-agent reinforcement learning problem in Markov potential games. It is shown that, under mild technical assumptions and the introduction of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Youbang Sun , Tao Liu , Ruida Zhou , P. R. Kumar , Shahin Shahrampour

Markov Potential Games (MPGs) form an important sub-class of Markov games, which are a common framework to model multi-agent reinforcement learning problems. In particular, MPGs include as a special case the identical-interest setting where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Pragnya Alatur , Anas Barakat , Niao He

Constrained Markov games offer a formal mathematical framework for modeling multi-agent reinforcement learning problems where the behavior of the agents is subject to constraints. In this work, we focus on the recently introduced class of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Philip Jordan , Anas Barakat , Niao He

Softmax policy gradient is a popular algorithm for policy optimization in single-agent reinforcement learning, particularly since projection is not needed for each gradient update. However, in multi-agent systems, the lack of central…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-01 Runyu Zhang , Jincheng Mei , Bo Dai , Dale Schuurmans , Na Li

Markov games (MGs) provide a mathematical foundation for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), enabling self-interested agents to learn their optimal policies while interacting with others in a shared environment. However, due to the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Huiwen Yan , Mushuang Liu

We propose networked policy gradient play for solving Markov potential games with continuous and/or discrete state-action pairs. During the game, agents use parametrized and differentiable policies that depend on the current state and the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-02 Sarper Aydin , Ceyhun Eksin

Multiagent systems where agents interact among themselves and with a stochastic environment can be formalized as stochastic games. We study a subclass named Markov potential games (MPGs) that appear often in economic and engineering…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Sergio Valcarcel Macua , Javier Zazo , Santiago Zazo

The partial alignment and conflict of autonomous agents lead to mixed-motive scenarios in many real-world applications. However, agents may fail to cooperate in practice even when cooperation yields a better outcome. One well known reason…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuhui Zhu , Baoxiang Wang , Sriram Ganapathi Subramanian , Pascal Poupart

Multi-agent interactions are increasingly important in the context of reinforcement learning, and the theoretical foundations of policy gradient methods have attracted surging research interest. We investigate the global convergence of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-21 Sarath Pattathil , Kaiqing Zhang , Asuman Ozdaglar

Autonomous driving (AD) requires safe and reliable decision-making among interacting agents, e.g., vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians. Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) modeled by Markov games (MGs) provides a suitable framework to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-20 Huiwen Yan , Mushuang Liu

We obtain global, non-asymptotic convergence guarantees for independent learning algorithms in competitive reinforcement learning settings with two agents (i.e., zero-sum stochastic games). We consider an episodic setting where in each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Constantinos Daskalakis , Dylan J. Foster , Noah Golowich

This work focuses on the entropy-regularized independent natural policy gradient (NPG) algorithm in multi-agent reinforcement learning. In this work, agents are assumed to have access to an oracle with exact policy evaluation and seek to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Youbang Sun , Tao Liu , P. R. Kumar , Shahin Shahrampour

This letter studies multi-agent reinforcement learning in partially observable Markov potential games. Solving this problem is challenging due to partial observability, decentralized information, and the curse of dimensionality. First, to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Wonseok Yang , Thinh T. Doan

A major challenge in multi-agent systems is that the system complexity grows dramatically with the number of agents as well as the size of their action spaces, which is typical in real world scenarios such as autonomous vehicles, robotic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-31 Shicong Cen , Fan Chen , Yuejie Chi

We study the performance of policy gradient methods for the subclass of Markov games known as Markov potential games (MPGs), which extends the notion of normal-form potential games to the stateful setting and includes the important special…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Dingyang Chen , Qi Zhang , Thinh T. Doan

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) addresses sequential decision-making problems with multiple agents, where each agent optimizes its own objective. In many real-world instances, the agents may not only want to optimize their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Pragnya Alatur , Giorgia Ramponi , Niao He , Andreas Krause

In single-agent Markov decision processes, an agent can optimize its policy based on the interaction with environment. In multi-player Markov games (MGs), however, the interaction is non-stationary due to the behaviors of other players, so…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao , Mengchen Zhao , Dong Li
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