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We introduce a shifted convolution sum that is parametrized by the squarefree natural number $t$. The asymptotic growth of this series depends explicitly on whether or not $t$ is a \emph{congruent number}, an integer that is the area of a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-28 Thomas A. Hulse , Chan Ieong Kuan , David Lowry-Duda , Alexander Walker

Let $s_1, s_2, \ldots$ be the sequence of positive integers, arranged in increasing order, that are representable by any binary quadratic form of fixed discriminant $D$. We show that \[ \limsup_{n \rightarrow \infty} \frac{s_{n+1}-s_n}{\log…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-02 Rainer Dietmann , Christian Elsholtz

Let $\epsilon > 0$ be sufficiently small and let $0 < \eta < 1/522$. We show that if $X$ is large enough in terms of $\epsilon$ then for any squarefree integer $q \leq X^{196/261-\epsilon}$ that is $X^{\eta}$-smooth one can obtain an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Alexander P. Mangerel

We calculate the mean and variance of sums of the M\"obius function and the indicator function of the squarefrees, in both short intervals and arithmetic progressions, in the context of the ring of polynomials over a finite field of $q$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-30 J. P. Keating , Z. Rudnick

We prove that for any fixed real numbers y_1, y_2 not equal to 0, and constant C > 0, there exists a threshold T_* = T_*(y_1, y_2, C) > 0 such that for all T >= T_*, the interval [T, T(1 + epsilon)], with epsilon = exp(-C sqrt(log T)),…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Ali Ebadi

It is not difficult to find an asymptotic formula for the number of pairs of positive integers $x, y \le H$ such that $x^2 + y^2 + 1$ is squarefree. In the present paper we improve the estimate for the error term in this formula using the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-09-13 Doychin Tolev

We show that the number of incidences between $m$ distinct points and $n$ distinct lines in ${\mathbb R}^4$ is $O\left(2^{c\sqrt{\log m}} (m^{2/5}n^{4/5}+m) + m^{1/2}n^{1/2}q^{1/4} + m^{2/3}n^{1/3}s^{1/3} + n\right)$, for a suitable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-26 Micha Sharir , Noam Solomon

A word is square-free if it does not contain a nonempty word of the form $XX$ as a factor. A famous 1906 result of Thue asserts that there exist arbitrarily long square-free words over a $3$-letter alphabet. We study square-free words with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Michał Dębski , Jarosław Grytczuk , Bartłomiej Pawlik

Every natural number greater than $2$ can be written as the sum of a prime and a square-free number, and recent work has imposed additional divisibility conditions on the square-free number. We overcome limitations in these works to prove…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Ethan S. Lee , Rowan O'Clarey

This paper reports the results of a search for first occurrences of square-free gaps using an algorithm based on the sieve of Eratosthenes. Using Qgap(L) to denote the starting number of the first gap having exactly the length L, the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-16 Louis Marmet

We prove that there is an absolute constant $C>0$ so that for every natural $n$ there exists a triangle-free \emph{regular} graph with no independent set of size at least $C\sqrt{n\log n}$.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-08-12 Noga Alon , Sonny Ben-Shimon , Michael Krivelevich

We prove some new statements on the distribution of $\mathcal{B}$-free numbers in short intervals. In particular, we show an asymptotic result for the variance of the number of $\mathcal{B}$-free integers in random short intervals which…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-12-02 Maria Avdeeva

Let s be an integer greater than or equal to 2. A real number is simply normal to base s if in its base-s expansion every digit 0, 1, ..., s-1 occurs with the same frequency 1/s. Let X be the set of positive integers that are not perfect…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-05 Verónica Becher , Yann Bugeaud , Theodore A. Slaman

The interval numbers is the set of compact intervals of $\mathbb{R}$ with addition and multiplication operation, which are very useful for solving calculations where there are intervals of error or uncertainty, however, it lacks an…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Giovanny A. Fuentes Salvo

A pair of linearly independent asymptotic solutions are constructed for the second-order linear difference equation {equation*} P_{n+1}(x)-(A_{n}x+B_{n})P_{n}(x)+P_{n-1}(x)=0, {equation*} where $A_n$ and $B_n$ have asymptotic expansions of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2014-04-09 Lihua Cao , Yutian Li

We answer several questions of Erd\H{o}s regarding sequences of natural numbers $A$ whose translates $n+A$ intersect with the squarefree numbers in various specified ways. For instance, we show that if every translate only contains finitely…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Wouter van Doorn , Terence Tao

A $\textit{square-full}$ number is a positive integer for which all its prime divisors divide itself at least twice. The counting function of square-full integers of the form $f(n)$ for $n\leqslant N$ is denoted by…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Watcharakiete Wongcharoenbhorn , Yotsanan Meemark

The discriminant of a trinomial of the form $x^n \pm x^m \pm 1$ has the form $\pm n^n \pm (n-m)^{n-m} m^m$ if $n$ and $m$ are relatively prime. We investigate when these discriminants have nontrivial square factors. We explain various…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-20 David W. Boyd , Greg Martin , Mark Thom

We consider the problem of finding small prime gaps in various sets of integers $\mathcal{C}$. Following the work of Goldston-Pintz-Yildirim, we will consider collections of natural numbers that are well-controlled in arithmetic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-15 Jacques Benatar

We determine the largest subset $A\subseteq \{1,\dotsc,n\}$ such that for all $a,b\in A$, the product $ab$ is not squarefree. Specifically, the maximum size is achieved by the complement of the odd squarefree numbers. This resolves a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Boris Alexeev , Dustin G. Mixon , Will Sawin