Related papers: Turing Tumble is Turing-Complete

We prove that the maximum speed and the entropy of a one-tape Turing machine are computable, in the sense that we can approximate them to any given precision $\epsilon$. This is contrary to popular belief, as all dynamical properties are…

Expanding upon the widely recognized notion of mathematical universality in Turing machines, a concept of thermodynamic universality in Turing machines is introduced. Under the physical Church-Turing thesis, the existence of a…

This paper provides a new and more direct proof of the assertion that a Turing computable function of the natural numbers is primitive recursive if and only if the time complexity of the corresponding Turing machine is bounded by a…

Turing computability is the standard computability paradigm which captures the computational power of digital computers. To understand whether one can create physically realistic devices which have super-Turing power, one needs to…

The present paper introduces a novel notion of `(effective) computability', called viability, of strategies in game semantics in an intrinsic (i.e., without recourse to the standard Church-Turing computability), non-inductive and…

We consider computations of a Turing machine subjected to noise. In every step, the action (the new state and the new content of the observed cell, the direction of the head movement) can differ from that prescribed by the transition…

Absolute combinatorial game theory was recently developed as a unifying tool for constructive/local game comparison (Larsson et al. 2018). The theory concerns {\em parental universes} of combinatorial games; standard closure properties are…

A remarkable new definition of a self-delimiting universal Turing machine is presented that is easy to program and runs very quickly. This provides a new foundation for algorithmic information theory. This new universal Turing machine is…

The pseudoinverse of a matrix, a generalized notion of the inverse, is of fundamental importance in linear algebra and, thereby, in many different fields. Despite its proven existence, an algorithmic approach is typically necessary to…

Hypercomputation or super-Turing computation is a ``computation'' that transcends the limit imposed by Turing's model of computability. The field still faces some basic questions, technical (can we mathematically and/or physically build a…

Tetravex is a widely played one person computer game in which you are given $n^2$ unit tiles, each edge of which is labelled with a number. The objective is to place each tile within a $n$ by $n$ square such that all neighbouring edges are…

Models of computation operating over the real numbers and computing a larger class of functions compared to the class of general recursive functions invariably introduce a non-finite element of infinite information encoded in an arbitrary…

We propose reactive Turing machines (RTMs), extending classical Turing machines with a process-theoretical notion of interaction, and use it to define a notion of executable transition system. We show that every computable transition system…

Infinite time Turing machines with only one tape are in many respects fully as powerful as their multi-tape cousins. In particular, the two models of machine give rise to the same class of decidable sets, the same degree structure and, at…

The Turing Machine has two implicit properties that depend on its underlying notion of computing: the format is fully determinate and computations are information preserving. Distributed representations lack these properties and cannot be…

Games are natural models for multi-agent machine learning settings, such as generative adversarial networks (GANs). The desirable outcomes from algorithmic interactions in these games are encoded as game theoretic equilibrium concepts, e.g.…

Tumbleweed is a popular two-player perfect-information new territorial game played at the prestigious Mind Sport Olympiad. We define a generalized version of the game, where the board size is arbitrary and so is the possible number of…

Metastability is a spurious mode of operation in digital signals, where an electrical signal fails to settle into a stable state within a specified time, leading to uncertainty and potentially failing downstream hardware. A system that…

We prove the Extended Church-Turing Thesis: Every effective algorithm can be efficiently simulated by a Turing machine. This is accomplished by emulating an effective algorithm via an abstract state machine, and simulating such an abstract…

This paper studies a large class of two-player perfect-information turn-based parity games on infinite graphs, namely those generated by collapsible pushdown automata. The main motivation for studying these games comes from the connections…