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Spectroscopic analysis of large biomolecules is critical in a number of applications, including medical diagnostics and label-free biosensing. Recently, it has been shown that Raman spectroscopy of proteins can be used to diagnose some…

Generative AI foundation models offer transformative potential for processing structured biological data, particularly in single-cell RNA sequencing, where datasets are rapidly scaling toward billions of cells. We propose the use of agentic…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-18 Saleem A. Al Dajani , Abel Sanchez , John R. Williams

Proteins are arguably the most important class of biomarkers for health diagnostic purposes. Label-free solid-state nanopore sensing is a versatile technique for sensing and analysing biomolecules such as proteins at single-molecule level.…

Silicon nanochannel field effect transistor (FET) biosensors are one of the most promising technologies in the development of highly sensitive and label-free analyte detection for cancer diagnostics. With their exceptional electrical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2014-01-07 Pritiraj Mohanty , Yu Chen , Xihua Wang , Mi K. Hong , Carol L. Rosenberg , David T. Weaver , Shyamsunder Erramilli

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a sensitive label-free optical method that can provide fingerprint Raman spectra of biomolecules such as DNA, amino acids and proteins. While SERS of single DNA molecule has been recently…

Nanomaterials exhibit distinctive properties governed by parameters such as size, shape, and surface characteristics, which critically influence their applications and interactions across technological, biological, and environmental…

Modern bio-technologies have produced a vast amount of high-throughput data with the number of predictors far greater than the sample size. In order to identify more novel biomarkers and understand biological mechanisms, it is vital to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-18 Kevin He , Jian Kang , Hyokyoung Grace Hong , Ji Zhu , Yanming Li , Huazhen Lin , Han Xu , Yi Li

Nanoparticle metrology has long been constrained by the assumption that, in mixed and unprocessed fluids, particle size, morphology, composition, and species-specific abundance cannot be resolved simultaneously from a single label-free…

Microcalcification (MC) analysis is clinically important in screening mammography because clustered puncta can be an early sign of malignancy, yet dense MC segmentation remains challenging: targets are extremely small and sparse, dense…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Hyunwoo Cho , Yeeun Kwon , Min Jung Kim , Yangmo Yoo

High quality factor resonances are extremely promising for designing ultra-sensitive refractive index label-free sensors since it allows intense interaction between electromagnetic waves and the analyte material. Metamaterial and plasmonic…

Micro and nanoscale particles are crucial in various fields, from biomedical imaging to environmental processes. While conventional spectroscopy and microscopy methods for characterizing these particles often involve bulky equipment and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Jie Liao , Maxwell Adolphson , Hangyue Li , Dipayon Kumar Sikder , Chenyang Lu , Lan Yang

Searching for similar genomic sequences is an essential and fundamental step in biomedical research and an overwhelming majority of genomic analyses. State-of-the-art computational methods performing such comparisons fail to cope with the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Mohammed Alser , Julien Eudine , Onur Mutlu

We report our recent development in pursuing high Quality-Factor (high-Q factor) plasmonic resonances, with vertically aligned two dimensional (2-D) periodic nanorod arrays. The 2-D vertically aligned nano-antenna array can have high-Q…

A rapid and low-cost method to sequence DNA would usher in a revolution in medicine. We propose and theoretically show the feasibility of a protocol for sequencing based on the distributions of transverse electrical currents of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-25 Johan Lagerqvist , Michael Zwolak , Massimiliano Di Ventra

In combining DNA nanotechnology and high-bandwidth single-molecule detection in nanopipettes, we demonstrate an all-electric, label-free hybridisation sensor for short DNA sequences (< 100 nt). Such short fragments are known to occur as…

Longitudinal resolution and lateral sensitivity are decisive characteristics that determine the suitability of a nanopore sensor for sequencing a strand of DNA as well as other important polymers. Previous modeling of DNA induced ionic…

Biological Physics · Physics 2012-05-18 Slaven Garaj , Song Liu , Daniel Branton , Jene A. Golovchenko

Two generations of a novel detector for high-resolution transmission imaging and spectrometry of fast-neutrons are presented. These devices are based on a hydrogenous fiber scintillator screen and single- or multiple-gated intensified…

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have revolutionized the field of genomics, enabling rapid and cost-effective genome analysis for various applications. However, the increasing volume of genomic data generated by HTS…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Onur Mutlu , Can Firtina

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a pivotal technique in genome sequencing due to its high throughput, rapid results, cost-effectiveness, and enhanced accuracy. Its significance extends across various domains, playing a crucial role in…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2025-04-28 Fathima Nuzla Ismail , Shanika Amarasoma

Mid-infrared spectroscopy offers powerful label-free molecular analysis capabilities but faces significant challenges when analyzing complex biological samples. Here, we present a transformative surface-enhanced infrared absorption…