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Visual neuroprostheses are the only FDA-approved technology for the treatment of retinal degenerative blindness. Although recent work has demonstrated a systematic relationship between electrode location and the shape of the elicited visual…
We propose a fast beam orientation selection method, based on deep neural networks (DNN), capable of developing a plan comparable to those by the state-of-the-art column generation method. The novelty of Our model lies in its supervised…
Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is frequently performed on patients in intensive care units for prolonged mechanical ventilation. The needle puncture, as the most critical step of PDT, could lead to adverse consequences such as…
Computed tomography (CT)-guided needle biopsies are critical for diagnosing a range of conditions, including lung cancer, but present challenges such as limited in-bore space, prolonged procedure times, and radiation exposure. Robotic…
Non-coplanar Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) goes a step further by orienting the gantry carrying the radiation beam and the patient couch in a non-coplanar manner to accurately target the cancer region and better avoid…
Purpose: Primary or recurrent urethral stenosis are a common clinical problem. The aim of this feasibility study was development and application test of a novel radioactive catheter for potential use in LDR brachytherapy to prevent urethral…
Lattice radiotherapy (LATTICE) is a form of spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) designed to deliver high doses to tumor regions while sparing surrounding tissues. Traditional LATTICE uses rigid vertex patterns, limiting…
Reliable estimation of surgical needle 3D position and orientation is essential for autonomous robotic suturing, yet existing methods operate almost exclusively under stereoscopic vision. In monocular endoscopic settings, common in…
Cervical cancer accounts for a significant portion of the global cancer burden among women. Interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) is a standard procedure for treating cervical cancer; it involves placing a radioactive source through a straight…
Steerable needles are minimally invasive devices that enable novel medical procedures by following curved paths to avoid critical anatomical obstacles. Planning algorithms can be used to find a steerable needle motion plan to a target.…
We review the field of multi-criteria optimization for radiation therapy treatment planning. Special attention is given to the technique known as Pareto surface navigation, which allows physicians and treatment planners to interactively…
DPO is an effective preference optimization algorithm. However, the DPO-tuned models tend to overfit on the dispreferred samples, manifested as overly long generations lacking diversity. While recent regularization approaches have…
Background: Intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) using pencil beam technique scans tumor in a layer by layer, then spot by spot manner. It can provide highly conformal dose to tumor targets and spare nearby organs-at-risk (OAR). Fast…
Purpose: We introduce a novel concept of a compact multiprobe scintillator detector and demonstrate its applicability in HDR-brachytherapy. Our fabricated seven-probe system is sufficiently narrow to be inserted in a brachytherapy needle or…
Accurate 3D dose calculation for Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy (PBSPT) is typically performed with Monte Carlo (MC) engines, but their runtimes limit adaptive workflows and repeated evaluations. Current deep-learning proton dose…
Proton pencil beam scanning (PBS) treatment planning for head and neck (H&N) cancers is a time-consuming and experience-demanding task where a large number of planning objectives are involved. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has recently…
Cortical visual prostheses aim to restore sight by electrically stimulating neurons in early visual cortex (V1). With the emergence of high-density and flexible neural interfaces, electrode placement within three-dimensional cortex has…
The modern workflow for radiation therapy treatment planning involves mathematical optimization to determine optimal treatment machine parameters for each patient case. The optimization problems can be computationally expensive, requiring…
Radiation therapy (RT) aims to deliver tumoricidal doses with minimal radiation-induced normal-tissue toxicity. Compared to conventional RT (of conventional dose rate), FLASH-RT (of ultra-high dose rate) can provide additional normal tissue…
Background: Radiotherapy treatment planning involves solving large-scale optimization problems that are often approximated and solved sub-optimally due to time constraints. Central to these problems is the dose influence matrix which…