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Deep learning (DL) based computer vision (CV) models are generally considered as black boxes due to poor interpretability. This limitation impedes efficient diagnoses or predictions of system failure, thereby precluding the widespread…
Current deep learning based autonomous driving approaches yield impressive results also leading to in-production deployment in certain controlled scenarios. One of the most popular and fascinating approaches relies on learning vehicle…
This survey reviews explainability methods for vision-based self-driving systems trained with behavior cloning. The concept of explainability has several facets and the need for explainability is strong in driving, a safety-critical…
Safety-critical Autonomous Systems require trustworthy and transparent decision-making process to be deployable in the real world. The advancement of Machine Learning introduces high performance but largely through black-box algorithms. We…
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for end-to-end autonomous driving. However, existing VLAs typically rely on sparse action supervision, which underutilizes their powerful scene understanding and…
The application of computer vision is gradually increasing across various domains. They employ deep learning models with a black-box nature. Without the ability to explain the behavior of neural networks, especially their decision-making…
Self-driving cars increasingly rely on deep neural networks to achieve human-like driving. The opacity of such black-box planners makes it challenging for the human behind the wheel to accurately anticipate when they will fail, with…
Deep learning has transformed computer vision (CV), achieving outstanding performance in classification, segmentation, and related tasks. Such AI-based CV systems are becoming prevalent, with applications spanning from medical imaging to…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in the automotive industry for applications such as driving style classification, which aims to improve road safety, efficiency, and personalize user experiences. While deep learning (DL)…
As autonomous driving technology matures, end-to-end methodologies have emerged as a leading strategy, promising seamless integration from perception to control via deep learning. However, existing systems grapple with challenges such as…
Deep learning-based models are widely deployed in autonomous driving areas, especially the increasingly noticed end-to-end solutions. However, the black-box property of these models raises concerns about their trustworthiness and safety for…
The landscape in the context of several signal processing applications and even education appears to be significantly affected by the emergence of machine learning (ML) and in particular deep learning (DL).The main reason for this is the…
The rapid evolution of automated vehicles (AVs) has the potential to provide safer, more efficient, and comfortable travel options. However, these systems face challenges regarding reliability in complex driving scenarios. Recent…
LiDAR sensors are often considered essential for autonomous driving, but high-resolution sensors remain expensive while affordable low-resolution sensors produce sparse point clouds that miss critical details. LiDAR super-resolution…
The recent series of innovations in deep learning (DL) have shown enormous potential to impact individuals and society, both positively and negatively. The DL models utilizing massive computing power and enormous datasets have significantly…
This paper explores Deep Learning (DL) methods that are used or have the potential to be used for traffic video analysis, emphasizing driving safety for both Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and human-operated vehicles. We present a typical…
Scene understanding is a vital part of autonomous driving systems, which requires the use of deep learning models. Deep learning methods are intrinsically black box models, which lack transparency and safety in autonomous driving. To make…
Deep learning methods have been very effective for a variety of medical diagnostic tasks and has even beaten human experts on some of those. However, the black-box nature of the algorithms has restricted clinical use. Recent explainability…
End-to-end autonomous driving has advanced significantly, offering benefits such as system simplicity and stronger driving performance in both open-loop and closed-loop settings than conventional pipelines. However, existing frameworks…
Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) use complex decision-making (DM) models with multimodal sensory inputs, making rigorous validation and verification (V&V) essential for safety and reliability. These models pose challenges in diagnosing…