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Symmetry breaking--the phenomenon in which the symmetry of a system is not inherited by its stable states--underlies pattern formation, superconductivity, and numerous other effects. Recent theoretical work has established the possibility…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2021-09-24 Ferenc Molnar , Takashi Nishikawa , Adilson E. Motter

Fractal Hofstadter bands have become widely accessible with the advent of moir\'e superlattices, opening the door to studies of the effect of interactions in these systems. In this work we employ a renormalization group (RG) analysis to…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-12-20 Daniel Shaffer , Jian Wang , Luiz H. Santos

Non-reciprocal electronic transport in a material occurs if both time reversal and inversion symmetries are broken. The superconducting diode effect (SDE) is an exotic manifestation of this type of behavior where the critical current for…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-10-19 M. S. Anwar , T. Nakamura , R. Ishiguro , S. Arif , J. W. A. Robinson , S. Yonezawa , M. Sigrist , Y. Maeno

The nonlinear magneto-optical response of $s$- and $d$-wave superconductors is discussed. We carry out the symmetry analysis of the nonlinear magneto-optical susceptibility in the superconducting state. Due to the surface sensitivity of the…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 J. Schmalian , W. Hübner

We show that single-mode nonclassicality of the output of an optomechanical cavity and the noncausal linear optical response of this cavity emerge at the same critical cavity-mechanical coupling. In other words, single-mode nonclassicality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-10 Devrim Tarhan , Mehmet Emre Tasgin

Superfluidity and superconductivity are genuine many-body manifestations of quantum coherence. For finite-size systems the associated pairing gap fluctuates as a function of size or shape. We provide a parameter free theoretical description…

Superconductivity · Physics 2011-11-09 H. Olofsson , S. Åberg , P. Leboeuf

In this article we review recent progress in the understanding of multiband superconductivity and its relationship to odd-frequency pairing. We begin our discussion by reviewing the emergence of odd-frequency pairing in a simple two-band…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-03-18 Christopher Triola , Jorge Cayao , Annica M. Black-Schaffer

Several physical phenomena in superconductors, such as helical superconductivity and the diode effect, rely on breaking time-reversal symmetry. This symmetry-breaking is usually accounted for via the Lifshitz invariant, a contribution to…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-05-25 Aaron Dunbrack , Pauli Virtanen , Tero T. Heikkilä

Many superconducting devices rely on the finite gap in the excitation spectrum of a superconductor: thanks to this gap, at temperatures much smaller than the critical one the number of excitations (quasiparticles) that can impact the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-09-05 P. B. Fischer , G. Catelani

In general, magnetism and superconductivity are antagonistic to each other. However, there are several families of superconductors, in which superconductivity may coexist with magnetism, and only a few examples are known, when…

Dimensionality of a physical system, conventionally an invariant geometric characteristic, fundamentally governs the universality class of phase transitions and the landscape of emergent collective phenomena. In low-dimensional or layered…

The formation of electron pairs is a prerequisite of superconductivity. The fermionic nature of electrons yields four classes of superconducting correlations with definite symmetry in spin, space and time. Here, we suggest double quantum…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-12-02 Björn Sothmann , Stephan Weiss , Michele Governale , Jürgen König

Controlling the flow of electromagnetic energy is essential for advancing quantum technologies. We introduce a spatiotemporally modulated superconducting metasurface that exhibits photon-blockade-analogue nonreciprocal absorption. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Sajjad Taravati

The phenomenon of PT (parity- and time-reversal) symmetry breaking is conventionally associated with a change in the complex mode spectrum of a non-Hermitian system that marks a transition from a purely oscillatory to an exponentially…

In classical superconductors an energy gap and phase coherence appear simultaneously with pairing at the transition to the superconducting state. In high-temperature superconductors, the possibility that pairing and phase coherence are…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-09-05 Ivan Madan , Toru Kurosawa , Yasunori Toda , Migaku Oda , Tomaz Mertelj , Primoz Kusar , Dragan Mihailovic

A new experiment is proposed to probe the time-reversal symmetry of a superconductor. It is shown that a time-reversal symmetry breaking superconductor can be identified by the observation of a fractional flux in connection with a Josephson…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Manfred Sigrist , Yong Baek Kim

Unconventional superconductivity or superfluidity are among the most exciting and fascinating quantum states in condensed matter physics. Usually these states are characterized by non-trivial spatial symmetry of the pairing order parameter,…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-04-11 Maksims Arzamasovs , Bo Liu

We study theoretically the nonlinear optical response of a two-dimensional semiconductor quantum dot supercrystal under a resonant continuous wave excitation. A single quantum dot is modeled as a three-level ladder-like system with the…

We investigate nonreciprocal supercurrent phenomena in superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) that integrate Josephson junctions with single and multiband order parameters, which may exhibit time-reversal symmetry breaking.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-01-30 Yuriy Yerin , Stefan-Ludwig Drechsler , A. A. Varlamov , Francesco Giazotto , Mario Cuoco

Nonreciprocal theories are used to model a broad array of non-equilibrium phenomena found in nature ranging from biological systems like networks of neurons to the behavior of overflowing water fountains. This includes systems broadly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-20 Savdeep Sethi , Gabriel Artur Weiderpass