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Photon-Blockade Analogue Nonreciprocal Absorption in Spatiotemporal Metasurfaces

Quantum Physics 2026-03-10 v4 Superconductivity Applied Physics

Abstract

Controlling the flow of electromagnetic energy is essential for advancing quantum technologies. We introduce a spatiotemporally modulated superconducting metasurface that exhibits photon-blockade-analogue nonreciprocal absorption. In this system, the frequency of incident radiation is matched to the modulation frequency of the metasurface, enabling one-way directional absorption. Forward-traveling waves undergo resonant coupling to higher-order Floquet harmonics and are absorbed within the slab, while backward-traveling waves transmit freely without interaction. This behavior arises from classical wave interference and harmonic conversion in a space-time periodic medium, a classical analogue of quantum photon blockade. We present a design based on a superconductor-semiconductor metasurface incorporating cascaded Josephson field-effect transistors (JoFETs) for millikelvin-temperature operation. Our analysis includes the system Hamiltonian, Floquet band structure, isofrequency diagrams, and full-wave simulations demonstrating strong nonreciprocal absorption. These findings establish a pathway toward compact, nonreciprocal superconducting devices for quantum information processing and microwave photonics.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2409.08137,
  title  = {Photon-Blockade Analogue Nonreciprocal Absorption in Spatiotemporal Metasurfaces},
  author = {Sajjad Taravati},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.08137},
  year   = {2026}
}