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The need for interpretability in deep learning has driven interest in counterfactual explanations, which identify minimal changes to an instance that change a model's prediction. Current counterfactual (CF) generation methods require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Van Bach Nguyen , Christin Seifert , Jörg Schlötterer

Explanation of AI, as well as fairness of algorithms' decisions and the transparency of the decision model, are becoming more and more important. And it is crucial to design effective and human-friendly techniques when opening the black-box…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Cong Wang , Haocheng Han , Caleb Chen Cao

We describe a method for unpaired realistic depth synthesis that learns diverse variations from the real-world depth scans and ensures geometric consistency between the synthetic and synthesized depth. The synthesized realistic depth can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Yuefan Shen , Yanchao Yang , Youyi Zheng , C. Karen Liu , Leonidas Guibas

Counterfactuals, serving as one of the emerging type of model interpretations, have recently received attention from both researchers and practitioners. Counterfactual explanations formalize the exploration of ``what-if'' scenarios, and are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Fan Yang , Sahan Suresh Alva , Jiahao Chen , Xia Hu

Diffusion inversion is a task of recovering the noise of an image in a diffusion model, which is vital for controllable diffusion image editing. At present, diffusion inversion still remains a challenging task due to the lack of viable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Ziyue Zhang , Luxi Lin , Xiaolin Hu , Chao Chang , HuaiXi Wang , Yiyi Zhou , Rongrong Ji

Counterfactual explanations (CEs) aim to enhance the interpretability of machine learning models by illustrating how alterations in input features would affect the resulting predictions. Common CE approaches require an additional model and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Matan Atad , David Schinz , Hendrik Moeller , Robert Graf , Benedikt Wiestler , Daniel Rueckert , Nassir Navab , Jan S. Kirschke , Matthias Keicher

Deep generative models can emulate the perceptual properties of complex image datasets, providing a latent representation of the data. However, manipulating such representation to perform meaningful and controllable transformations in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Michel Besserve , Arash Mehrjou , Rémy Sun , Bernhard Schölkopf

Most of previous deepfake detection researches bent their efforts to describe and discriminate artifacts in human perceptible ways, which leave a bias in the learned networks of ignoring some critical invariance features intra-class and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Ruiqi Zha , Zhichao Lian , Qianmu Li , Siqi Gu

Neural networks have emerged as powerful tools across various applications, yet their decision-making process often remains opaque, leading to them being perceived as "black boxes." This opacity raises concerns about their interpretability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Pirzada Suhail , Hao Tang , Amit Sethi

Visual counterfactual explainers (VCEs) are a straightforward and promising approach to enhancing the transparency of image classifiers. VCEs complement other types of explanations, such as feature attribution, by revealing the specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sidney Bender , Jan Herrmann , Klaus-Robert Müller , Grégoire Montavon

Counterfactual explanations promote explainability in machine learning models by answering the question "how should an input instance be perturbed to obtain a desired predicted label?". The comparison of this instance before and after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Jing Ma , Ruocheng Guo , Saumitra Mishra , Aidong Zhang , Jundong Li

Seismic data frequently exhibits missing traces, substantially affecting subsequent seismic processing and interpretation. Deep learning-based approaches have demonstrated significant advancements in reconstructing irregularly missing…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-01-16 Paul Goyes-Peñafiel , Ulugbek Kamilov , Henry Arguello

Deep learning models in medical imaging often fail when deployed in new clinical environments due to distribution shifts in demographics, scanner hardware, or acquisition protocols. A central challenge is underspecification, where models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Moritz Stammel , Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Raghav Mehta , Mélanie Roschewitz , Ben Glocker

Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a popular solution for the eXplainable AI (XAI) problem of elucidating the predictions of black-box deep-learning systems due to their psychological validity, flexibility across problem domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Eoin Delaney , Arjun Pakrashi , Derek Greene , Mark T. Keane

Recent advancements in generative AI have introduced novel prospects and practical implementations. Especially diffusion models show their strength in generating diverse and, at the same time, realistic features, positioning them well for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Franz Motzkus , Christian Hellert , Ute Schmid

Contrastive pretraining can substantially increase model generalisation and downstream performance. However, the quality of the learned representations is highly dependent on the data augmentation strategy applied to generate positive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Mélanie Roschewitz , Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Tian Xia , Galvin Khara , Ben Glocker

Visual counterfactual explanations (VCEs) in image space are an important tool to understand decisions of image classifiers as they show under which changes of the image the decision of the classifier would change. Their generation in image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Valentyn Boreiko , Maximilian Augustin , Francesco Croce , Philipp Berens , Matthias Hein

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative priors for solving inverse problems. However, training diffusion models in the pixel space are both data-intensive and computationally demanding, which restricts their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Bowen Song , Soo Min Kwon , Zecheng Zhang , Xinyu Hu , Qing Qu , Liyue Shen

CLIP is a discriminative model trained to align images and text in a shared embedding space. Due to its multimodal structure, it serves as the backbone of many generative pipelines, where a decoder is trained to map from the shared space…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Antonio D'Orazio , Maria Rosaria Briglia , Donato Crisostomi , Dario Loi , Emanuele Rodolà , Iacopo Masi

With advances in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) leading to dramatically-improved synthetic images and video, there is an increased need for algorithms which extend traditional forensics to this new category of imagery. While GANs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Michael Albright , Scott McCloskey