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In this paper, we release a largest ever medical Question Answering (QA) dataset with 26 million QA pairs. We benchmark many existing approaches in our dataset in terms of both retrieval and generation. Experimental results show that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Jianquan Li , Xidong Wang , Xiangbo Wu , Zhiyi Zhang , Xiaolong Xu , Jie Fu , Prayag Tiwari , Xiang Wan , Benyou Wang

We present the HPLT (High Performance Language Technologies) language resources, a new massive multilingual dataset including both monolingual and bilingual corpora extracted from CommonCrawl and previously unused web crawls from the…

This paper explores the potential of leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for data augmentation in multilingual commonsense reasoning datasets where the available training data is extremely limited. To achieve this, we utilise several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Chenxi Whitehouse , Monojit Choudhury , Alham Fikri Aji

The advent of transformer-based models such as BERT has led to the rise of neural ranking models. These models have improved the effectiveness of retrieval systems well beyond that of lexical term matching models such as BM25. While…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Suraj Nair , Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , Kevin Duh , Paul McNamee , Kenton Murray , James Mayfield , Douglas W. Oard

Businesses and customers can gain valuable information from product reviews. The sheer number of reviews often necessitates ranking them based on their potential helpfulness. However, only a few reviews ever receive any helpfulness votes on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Ali Boluki , Javad Pourmostafa Roshan Sharami , Dimitar Shterionov

This paper presents our findings from participating in the multilingual acronym extraction shared task SDU@AAAI-22. The task consists of acronym extraction from documents in 6 languages within scientific and legal domains. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Usama Yaseen , Stefan Langer

Multilingual BERT (M-BERT) has been a huge success in both supervised and zero-shot cross-lingual transfer learning. However, this success has focused only on the top 104 languages in Wikipedia that it was trained on. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Zihan Wang , Karthikeyan K , Stephen Mayhew , Dan Roth

We present the results of the Workshop on Multilingual Information Access (MIA) 2022 Shared Task, evaluating cross-lingual open-retrieval question answering (QA) systems in 16 typologically diverse languages. In this task, we adapted two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Akari Asai , Shayne Longpre , Jungo Kasai , Chia-Hsuan Lee , Rui Zhang , Junjie Hu , Ikuya Yamada , Jonathan H. Clark , Eunsol Choi

High-resource languages such as English, enables the pretraining of high-quality large language models (LLMs). The same can not be said for most other languages as LLMs still underperform for non-English languages, likely due to a gap in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Jiayi Wang , Yao Lu , Maurice Weber , Max Ryabinin , David Adelani , Yihong Chen , Raphael Tang , Pontus Stenetorp

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has been successfully applied to significantly boost the capabilities of pretrained large language models, especially in the math and logic problem domains. However, current research and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Konstantin Dobler , Simon Lehnerer , Federico Scozzafava , Jonathan Janke , Mohamed Ali

We propose EXAMS -- a new benchmark dataset for cross-lingual and multilingual question answering for high school examinations. We collected more than 24,000 high-quality high school exam questions in 16 languages, covering 8 language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Momchil Hardalov , Todor Mihaylov , Dimitrina Zlatkova , Yoan Dinkov , Ivan Koychev , Preslav Nakov

Recently, it has been found that monolingual English language models can be used as knowledge bases. Instead of structural knowledge base queries, masked sentences such as "Paris is the capital of [MASK]" are used as probes. We translate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Nora Kassner , Philipp Dufter , Hinrich Schütze

Existing methods for open-retrieval question answering in lower resource languages (LRLs) lag significantly behind English. They not only suffer from the shortcomings of non-English document retrieval, but are reliant on language-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Ivan Montero , Shayne Longpre , Ni Lao , Andrew J. Frank , Christopher DuBois

We describe the Uppsala NLP submission to SemEval-2021 Task 2 on multilingual and cross-lingual word-in-context disambiguation. We explore the usefulness of three pre-trained multilingual language models, XLM-RoBERTa (XLMR), Multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Huiling You , Xingran Zhu , Sara Stymne

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly serve as knowledge interfaces, yet systematically assessing their reliability with conflicting information remains difficult. We propose an RDF-based framework to assess multilingual LLM quality,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Jonas Gwozdz , Andreas Both

The breakthrough of generative large language models (LLMs) that can solve different tasks through chat interaction has led to a significant increase in the use of general benchmarks to assess the quality or performance of these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Fabio Barth , Georg Rehm

RALMs (Retrieval-Augmented Language Models) broaden their knowledge scope by incorporating external textual resources. However, the multilingual nature of global knowledge necessitates RALMs to handle diverse languages, a topic that has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Suhang Wu , Jialong Tang , Baosong Yang , Ante Wang , Kaidi Jia , Jiawei Yu , Junfeng Yao , Jinsong Su

This paper shows that pretraining multilingual language models at scale leads to significant performance gains for a wide range of cross-lingual transfer tasks. We train a Transformer-based masked language model on one hundred languages,…

We present Cross-lingual Open-Retrieval Answer Generation (CORA), the first unified many-to-many question answering (QA) model that can answer questions across many languages, even for ones without language-specific annotated data or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Akari Asai , Xinyan Yu , Jungo Kasai , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various disciplines and tasks. However, benchmarking their capabilities with multilingual spoken queries remains largely unexplored. In this study, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Firoj Alam , Md Arid Hasan , Shammur Absar Chowdhury