Related papers: Parity functors
In this paper, we introduce a new type of relation between knots called the descendant relation. One knot $H$ is a descendant of another knot $K$ if $H$ can be obtained from a minimal crossing diagram of $K$ by some number of crossing…
In this paper, we discuss three short topics related to the parity operator and his role in quantum harmonic analysis. We derive results for the Fredholm index of even and odd operators, discuss operators on which the modulation action acts…
Parity games are combinatorial representations of closed Boolean mu-terms. By adding to them draw positions, they have been organized by Arnold and one of the authors into a mu-calculus. As done by Berwanger et al. for the propositional…
This paper is about equality of proofs in which a binary predicate formalizing properties of equality occurs, besides conjunction and the constant true proposition. The properties of equality in question are those of a preordering relation,…
A frame is an overcomplete set that can represent vectors(signals) faithfully and stably. Two frames are equivalent if signals can be essentially represented in the same way, which means two frames differ by a permutation, sign change or…
We discuss two approaches to producing generalized parity proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem. Such proofs use contexts of observables whose product is $I$ or $-I$; we call them constraints. In the first approach, one starts with a fixed…
The present paper produces examples of Gauss diagram formulae for virtual knot invariants which have no analogue in the classical knot case. These combinatorial formulae contain additional information about how a subdiagram is embedded in a…
Two adjoint functors can be seen as generalisations of the two functions within a Galois connection. If instead the adjoints are not generalised from functions, but from relations, then analogously the object of study becomes a more general…
The goal of this note is to provide a geometric setting in which generalized arithmetic means are best predictors in an appropriate metric. This characterization provides a geometric interpretation to the concept of certainty equivalent.…
We introduce and study knotoids. Knotoids are represented by diagrams in a surface which differ from the usual knot diagrams in that the underlying curve is a segment rather than a circle. Knotoid diagrams are considered up to Reidemeister…
In this paper we introduce the notion of spread net. Spread nets are (safe) Petri nets equipped with vector clocks on places and with ticking functions on transitions, and are such that vector clocks are consistent with the ticking of…
Polynomial functors are sums of covariant representable functors from the category of sets to itself. They have a robust theory with many applications -- from operads and opetopes to combinatorial species. In this paper, we define a…
We define counting and cocycle enhancement invariants of virtual knots using parity biquandles. These invariants are determined by pairs consisting of a biquandle 2-cocycle \phi^0 and a map \phi^1 with certain compatibility conditions…
We are checking the closed categories beginning with the category of sets and ending with the category of categories. The novelty is a generalizing the notion of adjoint functors to the joint pair of functors in the category of directed…
Category theory has foundational importance because it provides conceptual lenses to characterize what is important in mathematics. Originally the main lenses were universal mapping properties and natural transformations. In recent decades,…
In this paper we will prove that there exists a covariant functor from the category of schemes to the category of graphs. This functor provides a combination between algebraic varieties and combinatorial graphs so that the invariants…
Given commutative, unital rings $A$ and $B$ with a ring homomorphism $A\to B$ making $B$ free of finite rank as an $A$-module, we can ask for a "trace" or "norm" homomorphism taking algebraic data over $B$ to algebraic data over $A$. In…
We compute certain Ext and Tor groups in the category of all functors from an Z/p-linear additive category A to vector spaces in terms of Ext and Tor computed in the full subcategory of additive functors from A to vector spaces. We thus…
This paper provides a polynomial-time algorithm for solving parity games that runs in $\mathcal{O}(n^{2}\cdot(n + m))$ time-ending a search that has taken decades. Unlike previous attractor-based algorithms, the presented algorithm only…
The parity operator for a parity-symmetric quantum field theory transforms as an infinite sum of irreducible representations of the homogeneous Lorentz group. These representations are connected with Wilson polynomials.