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Forecasting future solar activity has become crucial in our modern world, where intense eruptive phenomena mostly occurring during solar maximum are likely to be strongly damaging to satellites and telecommunications. We present a 4D…
The minimum - maximum method, belonging to the precursor class of the solar activity forecasting methods, is based on a linear relationship between relative sunspot number in the minimum and maximum epochs of solar cycles. In the present…
The attribution of part of global warming to changes in the total solar irradiance (TSI) is an important topic which is not, yet, fully understood. Here, we examine the TSI induced temperature (T) changes on a variety of time scales, from…
Time profiles of solar soft X-ray microflares and structure soft X-ray solar corona thermal background are studied on RHESSI data. The observations of 2003 year are analyzed. Decrease fluxe of solar soft X-ray microflares and thermal…
The Sun is the primary source of energy for the Earth. The small changes in total solar irradiance (TSI) can affect our climate in the longer timescale. In the evolutionary timescale, the TSI varies by a large amount and hence its influence…
An iterative method is presented for reconstructing the height-temperature profile of the solar atmosphere above a sunspot using multi-frequency spectro-polarimetric microwave observations. It is assumed that the emission is formed…
Solar observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) provide us with direct measurements of the brightness temperature in the solar chromosphere. We study the temperature distributions obtained with ALMA Band 6…
We directly determine the sensitivity and time delay of Earth's surface temperature response to annual solar irradiance variations from 60 years of data. A two-layer energy balance model is developed to interpret the results. Explaining…
Context. The solar irradiance is known to change on time scales of minutes to decades, and it is suspected that its substantial fluctua- tions are partially responsible for climate variations. Aims. We are developing a solar atmosphere code…
We measured the center-to-limb variation of the brightness temperature, $T_b$, from ALMA full-disk images at two frequencies and inverted the solution of the transfer equation to obtain the electron temperature, $T_e$ as a function of…
Solar cycles are studied with the Version 2 monthly smoothed international sunspot number, the variations of which are found to be well represented by the modified logistic differential equation with four parameters: maximum cumulative…
In this work we analyse a set of benchmark methods for solar irradiance forecasting based on the clear-sky index, namely, persistence, climatology, smart-persistence and convex combination (CC) of persistence and climatology. To assess the…
Smooth power generation from solar stations demand accurate, reliable and efficient forecast of solar energy for optimal integration to cater market demand; however, the implicit instability of solar energy production may cause serious…
Constraints on the core temperature (T_c) of the Sun and on neutrino- oscillation parameters are obtained from the existing solar neutrino data, including the recent GALLEX and Kamiokande III results. (1) A purely astrophysical solution to…
The continuous improvement in weather forecast skill over the past several decades is largely due to the increasing quantity of available satellite observations and their assimilation into operational forecast systems. Assimilating these…
This paper presents a statistical analysis of Soft X-ray (SXR) flares during the period January 1976 to December 2007 covering solar cycles (SCs) 21, 22, and 23. We have analysed north-south (N-S) and east-west (E-W) asymmetry of SXR at low…
The absolute brightness temperature of the Sun at millimeter wavelengths is an important diagnostic of the solar chromosphere. Because the Sun is so bright, measurement of this property usually involves the operation of telescopes under…
Surface solar irradiance varies on scales as small as seconds or meters due to scattering and absorption by the atmosphere. Clouds are the main driver of this variability, but moisture structures in the atmospheric boundary layer and…
Verified and updated calibrated absolute solar flux in the He II 30.4 nm spectral band-pass as measured by the Solar EUV Monitor (SEM) allows us to study variations of the solar EUV irradiance near the minima of Solar Cycles 22/23 and…
The solar corona is orders of magnitude hotter than the underlying photosphere, but how the corona attains such high temperatures is still not understood. Soft X-ray (SXR) emission provides important diagnostics for thermal processes in the…