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In recent decades our understanding of solar active regions (ARs) has improved substantially due to observations made with better angular resolution and wider spectral coverage. While prior AR observations have shown that these structures…

This work presents a systematic investigation of the influence of weather conditions on the calibration errors by using Gaussian fitness, least chi-square linear fitness and wavelet transform to analyze the calibration coefficients from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Chengming Tan , Yihua Yan , Baolin Tan , Qijun Fu , Yuying Liu , Guirong Xu

The precise physical process that triggers solar flares is not currently understood. Here we attempt to capture the signature of this mechanism in solar image data of various wavelengths and use these signatures to predict flaring activity.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-14 Eric Jonas , Monica G. Bobra , Vaishaal Shankar , J. Todd Hoeksema , Benjamin Recht

Aims. We present further development of the rolling root mean square (rRMS) algorithm. These improvements consist of an increase in computational speed and an estimation of the uncertainty on the recovered diagnostics. This improvement is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-13 Aaron W. Peat , Nicolas Labrosse , Krzysztof Barczynski , Brigitte Schmieder

The Sun has long been considered a constant star, to the extent that its total irradiance was termed the solar constant. It required radiometers in space to detect the small variations in solar irradiance on timescales of the solar rotation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Sami K. Solanki , Yvonne C. Unruh

We analyze the variability of the spectral solar irradiance during the period from 7 January, 2010 until 20 January, 2010 as measured by the Herzberg channel (190-222 nm) of the Large Yield RAdiometer (LYRA) onboard PROBA2. In this period…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 A. V. Shapiro , A. I. Shapiro , M. Dominique , I. E. Dammasch , C. Wehrli , E. Rozanov , W. Schmutz

Total solar irradiance variations, about 0.1% between solar activity maximum and minimum, are available from accurate satellite measurements since 1978 and thus do not provide useful information on longer-term secular trends. Recently,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-23 S. Sello

In this paper we compile the analysis of ~ 200 synchrotron flare events from ~ 90 distinct objects/events for which the distance is well established, and hence the peak luminosity can be accurately estimated. For each event we measure this…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 M. Pietka , R. P. Fender , E. F. Keane

Total solar irradiance (TSI) has been monitored from space since 1978. The measurements show a prominent variability in phase with the solar cycle, as well as fluctuations on timescales shorter than a few days. However, the measurements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-26 Theodosios Chatzistergos , Ilaria Ermolli , Fabrizio Giorgi , Natalie A. Krivova , Cosmin Constantin Puiu

The dynamics of the solar radiative interior are still poorly constrained by comparison to the convective zone. This disparity is even more marked when we attempt to derive meaningful temporal variations. Many data sets contain a small…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Antonio Eff-Darwich , Sylain G. Korzennik

Total solar irradiance and UV spectral solar irradiance have been monitored since 1978 through a succession of space missions. This is accompanied by the development of models aimed at replicating solar irradiance by relating the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-07 K. L. Yeo , W. T. Ball , N. A. Krivova , S. K. Solanki , Y. C. Unruh , J. Morrill

The Sun is the primary source of energy for Earth and one of the main external drivers of its climate. Solar irradiance -- the radiative power emitted by the Sun and received at 1-AU -- varies on all observable timescales. It is measured as…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-22 D. Temaj , N. A. Krivova , T. Chatzistergos , S. K. Solanki , B. Hofer

The ratio of the depths of spectral lines is a powerful indicator of the effective temperature. The method based on this analysis is capable of discerning small temperature variations of individual stars. We apply this spectroscopic data…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Biazzo , A. Frasca , S. Catalano , E. Marilli

Owing to the growing concern of global warming and over-dependence on fossil fuels, there has been a huge interest in last years in the deployment of Photovoltaic (PV) systems for generating electricity. The output power of a PV array…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-18 Soumyabrata Dev , Tarek AlSkaif , Murhaf Hossari , Radu Godina , Atse Louwen , Wilfried van Sark

Herein I discuss and propose updated satellite composites of the total solar irradiance covering the period 1978-2008. The composites are compiled from measurements made with the three ACRIM experiments. Measurements from the NIMBUS7/ERB…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-31 Nicola Scafetta

The relationship between sea ice thickness and microwave brightness temperature is explored. Parameterized ice profiles are fed to a radiative-transfer-based sea ice emissivity model (Microwave Emmission of Layered Snowpack, MEMLS). Complex…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2012-02-20 Peter Mills , Georg Heygster

Solar irradiance is fundamental data crucial for analyses related to weather and climate. High-precision estimation models are necessary to create areal data for solar irradiance. In this study, we developed a novel estimation model by…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Jun Sasaki , Maki Okada , Kenji Utsunomiya , Koji Yamaguchi

The variation with time from 1956-2002 of the globally averaged rate of ionization produced by cosmic rays in the atmosphere is deduced and shown to have a cyclic component of period roughly twice the 11 year solar cycle period. Long term…

Geophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. D. Erlykin , T. Sloan , A. W. Wolfendale

In this paper, we present the results of an analysis of 481 weak solar flares, from A0.01 to the B \textit{GOES} class, that were observed during the period of extremely low solar activity from 2009 April to July. For all flares we measured…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-20 A. S. Kirichenko , S. A. Bogachev

The data acquisition of solar radiation in a locality is essential for the development of efficient designs of systems, whose operation is based on solar energy. This paper presents a methodology to estimate solar irradiance using an…

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