Related papers: Quantum fluctuations of baryon number density
Quantum features of the baryon number fluctuations in subsystems of a hot and dense relativistic gas of fermions are analyzed. We find that the fluctuations in small systems are significantly increased compared to their values known from…
Expressions for the quantum fluctuations of energy density have been derived for the subsystems consisting of hot relativistic gas of particles with spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ and mass $m$. Our expressions for the fluctuation depend on the form of…
We derive a formula that defines quantum fluctuations of energy in subsystems of a hot relativistic gas. For small subsystem sizes we find substantial increase of fluctuations compared to those known from standard thermodynamic…
A formula to calculate the quantum fluctuations of energy in small subsystems of a hot and relativistic gas is derived. We find an increase in fluctuations for subsystems of small sizes, but we agrees with the energy fluctuations in the…
The size of the average fluctuations of net baryon number and electric charge in a finite volume of hadronic matter differs widely between the confined and deconfined phases. These differences may be exploited as indicators of the formation…
The description of dynamical fluctuations near the QCD critical point in heavy-ion collisions is crucial for understanding the existing and upcoming experimental data from the beam energy scan programs. In this talk we discuss the evolution…
Baryon number fluctuations are sensitive to the QCD phase transition and QCD critical point. According to the Feynman rules of finite-temperature field theory, we calculated various order moments and cumulants of the baryon number…
High order cumulants of the baryon number distribution are calculated in a 2+1 flavor low energy effective model. Quantum fluctuations are encoded through the functional renormalization group approach. The chiral and deconfinement phase…
Event-by-event fluctuations of the baryon number, which is mostly carried by protons and neutrons, in relativistic heavy-ion collisions provide a sensitive probe for locating the conjectured critical point in the quantum chromodynamics…
We compute high-order baryon number fluctuations at finite temperature and density within a QCD-assisted low energy effective field theory. Quantum, thermal and density fluctuations are incorporated with the functional renormalization group…
We have constructed an equation of state which smoothly interpolates between an excluded volume hadron resonance gas at low energy density to a plasma of quarks and gluons at high energy density. This crossover equation of state agrees very…
We use a form of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem to derive formulas giving the rate of production of spin-1/2 baryons in terms of the fluctuations of either meson or quark fields. The most general formulas do not assume thermal or…
We develop a framework to relate proton number cumulants measured in heavy-ion collisions within a momentum space acceptance to the susceptibilities of baryon number, assuming that particles are emitted from a fireball with uniform…
The magnitude of the local fluctuations of the net baryon number and electric charge differs widely between the confined and deconfined phases, and the difference is partially frozen at an early stage in relativistic heavy ion collisions.…
Baryon number cumulants are invaluable tools to diagnose the primordial stage of heavy ion collisions if they can be measured. In experiments, however, proton number cumulants have been measured as substitutes. In fact, proton number…
The use of statistical fluctuations as probes of the microscopic dynamics of hot and dense hadronic matter is reviewed. Critical fluctuations near the critical point of QCD matter are predicted to enhance fluctuations in pionic observables.…
We discuss the quantum statistical fluctuations of energy in subsystems of hot relativistic gas for both spin-zero and spin half particles. We explicitly show the system size dependence of the quantum statistical fluctuation of energy. Our…
The particle number and energy fluctuations in the system of charged particles are studied in the canonical ensemble for non-zero net values of the conserved charge. In the thermodynamic limit the fluctuations in the canonical ensemble are…
We show that $\omega_B$ or $\omega_{\bar B}$, the squared baryon or antibaryon number fluctuation per baryon or antibaryon, is a possible signature for the quark-gluon plasma that is expected to be created in relativistic heavy ion…
We study fluctuations in the canonical ensemble, where the net baryon number is exactly conserved. The focus is on cumulants and factorial cumulants linked to the baryon and antibaryon multiplicities and their sum or difference in full…