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In this paper, we study the most basic domination invariants in graphs, in which number 2 is intrinsic part of their definitions. We classify them upon three criteria, two of which give the following previously studied invariants: the weak…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Flavia Bonomo , Bostjan Bresar , Luciano N. Grippo , Martin Milanic , Martin D. Safe

Let $k$ be a positive integer and $G=(V,E)$ be a graph of minimum degree at least $k-1$. A function $f:V\rightarrow \{-1,1\}$ is called a \emph{signed $k$-dominating function} of $G$ if $\sum_{u\in N_G[v]}f(u)\geq k$ for all $v\in V$. The…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-04-24 Hongyu Liang

A set $D$ of vertices is a strong dominating set in a graph $G$, if for every vertex $x\in V(G) \setminus D$ there is a vertex $y\in D$ with $xy\in E(G)$ and $deg(x) \leq deg(y)$. The strong domination number $\gamma_{st}(G)$ of $G$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-05 Saeid Alikhani , Nima Ghanbari , Michael A. Henning

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. A subset $D\subseteq V$ is a dominating set if every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$. The domination number of $G$, denoted by $\gamma(G)$, is the smallest cardinality of a dominating set of $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-13 Fu-Tao Hu , Moo Young Sohn

A numbering $f$ of a graph $G$ of order $n$ is a labeling that assigns distinct elements of the set $\left\{ 1,2,\ldots ,n\right\} $ to the vertices of $G$. The strength $\textrm{str}_{f}\left( G\right)$ of a numbering $f:V\left( G\right)…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Yukio Takahashi , Rikio Ichishima , Francesc A. Muntaner-Batle

In this paper, we study the double Roman domination number of generalized Sierpi\'{n}ski graphs $S(G,t)$. More precisely, we obtain a bound for the double Roman domination number of $S(G, t)$. We also find the exact value of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-20 Anu V. , Aparna Lakshmanan S.

A $k$-rainbow dominating function ($k$RDF) of $G$ is a function that assigns subsets of $ \{1,2,...,k\}$ to the vertices of $G$ such that for vertices $v$ with $f(v)=\emptyset $ we have $\bigcup\nolimits_{u\in N(v)}f(u)=\{1,2,...,k\}$. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-30 Simon Brezovnik , Darja Rupnik Poklukar , Janez Žerovnik

Addressing a problem posed by Chellali, Haynes, and Hedetniemi (Discrete Appl. Math. 178 (2014) 27-32) we prove $\gamma_{r2}(G)\leq 2\gamma_r(G)$ for every graph $G$, where $\gamma_{r2}(G)$ and $\gamma_r(G)$ denote the $2$-rainbow…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-20 Jose D. Alvarado , Simone Dantas , Dieter Rautenbach

For a function $f : V(G ) \rightarrow \{0, 1, 2\}$ we denote by $V_i$ the set of vertices to which the value $i$ is assigned by $f$, i.e. $V_i = \{ x \in V (G ) : f(x ) = i \}$. If a function $f: V(G) \rightarrow \{0,1,2\}$ satisfying the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-02 Pu Wu , Zehui Shao , Vladimir Samodivkin , S. M. Sheikholeslami , M. Soroudi , Shaohui Wang

For $S\subseteq V(G)$, we define $\bar{S}=V(G)\setminus S$. A set $S\subseteq V(G)$ is called a super dominating set if for every vertex $u\in \bar{S}$, there exists $v\in S$ such that $N(v)\cap \bar{S}=\{u\}$. The super domination number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-07 Wei Zhuang

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a simple graph of order $n$. The total dominating set of $G$ is a subset $D$ of $V$ that every vertex of $V$ is adjacent to some vertices of $D$. The total domination number of $G$ is equal to minimum cardinality of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-15 Saeid Alikhani , Nasrin Jafari

In this correspondence, we introduced the concept of minimum roman dominating distance energy $E_{RDd}(G)$ of a graph $G$ and computed minimum roman dominating distance energy of some standard graphs. Also, we discussed the properties of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-01 Lakshmanan R , N. Annamalai

We provide two algorithms counting the number of minimum Roman dominating functions of a graph on n vertices in O(1.5673^n) time and polynomial space. We also show that the time complexity can be reduced to O(1.5014^n) if exponential space…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-03-11 Zheng Shi , Khee Meng Koh

Given a finite graph $G$, the maximum length of a sequence $(v_1,\ldots,v_k)$ of vertices in $G$ such that each $v_i$ dominates a vertex that is not dominated by any vertex in $\{v_1,\ldots,v_{i-1}\}$ is called the Grundy domination number,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-05 Boštjan Brešar , Simon Brezovnik

For a graph $G=(V,E)$, a subset $D$ of vertex set $V$, is a dominating set of $G$ if every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to atleast one vertex of $D$. A dominating set $D$ of a graph $G$ with no isolated vertices is called a paired…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Vikash Tripathi , Ton Kloks , Arti Pandey , Kaustav Paul , Hung-Lung Wang

The idea of enumeration algorithms with polynomial delay is to polynomially bound the running time between any two subsequent solutions output by the enumeration algorithm. While it is open for more than four decades if all minimal…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Henning Fernau , Kevin Mann

In a graph $G$, a set $D\subseteq V(G)$ is called 2-dominating set if each vertex not in $D$ has at least two neighbors in $D$. The 2-domination number $\gamma_2(G)$ is the minimum cardinality of such a set $D$. We give a method for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-28 Csilla Bujtás , Szilárd Jaskó

We study a variant of domination, called Roman domination, where we must assign to each vertex one of the labels 0, 1, or 2 and require that every vertex with label 0 has a neighbour with label 2. We study the problem of finding a low-cost…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Adrian Rettich

The $k$-rainbow independent domination number of a graph $G$, denoted $\gamma_{\rm rik}(G)$, is the cardinality of a smallest set consisting of two vertex-disjoint independent sets $V_1$ and $V_2$ for which every vertex in $V(G)\setminus…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-06 Enqiang Zhu , Chanjuan Liu

The domination number $\gamma(G)$ of a graph $G$, its exponential domination number $\gamma_e(G)$, and its porous exponential domination number $\gamma_e^*(G)$ satisfy $\gamma_e^*(G)\leq \gamma_e(G)\leq \gamma(G)$. We contribute results…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-05-17 Michael A. Henning , Simon Jäger , Dieter Rautenbach