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While black-hole and neutron-star mergers are the most plausible sources of current gravitational-wave observations, mergers of exotic compact objects may mimic these signals. Proca stars -- Bose-Einstein condensates of complex vector…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-17 Ana Lorenzo-Medina , Juan Calderón Bustillo , Samson H. W. Leong

Boson stars, self-gravitating objects made of a complex scalar field, have been proposed as simple models for very different scenarios, ranging from galaxy dark matter to black hole mimickers. Here we focus on a very compact type of boson…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-06-14 Miguel Bezares , Carlos Palenzuela , Carles Bona

In this work, we study the time evolution of radial kinks in the background of boson stars. In particular, we consider two types of boson stars: the massive boson star and the solitonic boson star. For each boson star, we study the dynamics…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-26 Tian-Chi Ma , Xiang-Yu Wang , Hai-Qing Zhang

Light scalar fields can form gravitationally bound compact objects called boson stars. The profile of boson stars in the Newtonian limit is described by the Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson equations. We present a semi-analytic solution to these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-12 Felix Kling , Arvind Rajaraman

We point out that a soliton such as an oscillon or boson star inevitably decays into gravitons through gravitational interactions. These decay processes exist even if there are no apparent self-interactions of the constituent field, scalar…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-23 Kazunori Nakayama , Fuminobu Takahashi , Masaki Yamada

The existence of localized, approximately stationary, lumps of the classical gravitational and electromagnetic field -- $geons$ -- was conjectured more than half a century ago. If one insists on exact stationarity, topologically trivial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-11 Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Alexandre M. Pombo , Eugen Radu

Boson stars represent a hypothetical exotic type of compact stellar object that may be observed from the gravitational signal of coalescing binaries in current and future GW detectors. In this work we show that the moment of inertia $I$,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-13 Christoph Adam , Jorge Castelo , Alberto García Martín-Caro , Miguel Huidobro , Ricardo Vázquez , Andrzej Wereszczynski

We establish that massive complex Abelian vector fields (mass $\mu$) can form gravitating solitons, when minimally coupled to Einstein's gravity. Such Proca stars (PSs) have a stationary, everywhere regular and asymptotically flat geometry.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-15 Richard Brito , Vitor Cardoso , Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Eugen Radu

Bosonic stars,hypothetical astrophysical entities, are generally categorized into two primary classes based on the nature of their constituent particles: Einstein Klein Gordon stars, made up of massive scalar bosons, and Proca stars, their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-24 Jorge Castelo Mourelle , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual , José A. Font

Boson stars consist of a system of self-gravitating scalar fields which form a macroscopic quantum state and are a possible dark matter candidate. In this paper, we address the existence of boson stars in Brans-Dicke gravity. We show that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-22 Mark A. Gunderson , Lars Gerhard Jensen

We use the flexibility of the concept of a fermion-boson star to explore different configurations, ranging from objects of atomic size and masses of the order $10^{18}$ g, up to objects of galactic masses and gigantic halos around a smaller…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Alfredo B. Henriques , Luis E. Mendes

In this work we study the boson stars and boson shells in a theory involving massive complex scalar fields coupled to the U(1) gauge field and gravity in a conical potential in the presence of a cosmological constant ${\Lambda}$ which we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-28 Sanjeev Kumar , Usha Kulshreshtha , Daya Shankar Kulshreshtha

Relativistic prescription is used to study the slow rotation of stars composed by self-gravitating bosons and fermions (fermions may be considered as neutrons). Previous results demand that purely boson stars are unable to display slow…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Claudio M G de Sousa , Vanda Silveira

We consider charged boson stars and study their effect on the structure of the vacuum. For very compact particle like ``stars", with constituent mass $m_{*}$ close to the Planck mass $m_{Pl}$, i.e. $m_{*}^{2} = {\cal O} (\alpha…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-17 P. Jetzer , P. Liljenberg , B. -S. Skagerstam

Some recent results on rotating self-gravitating configurations composed with Bosons and Fermions are reported. Given a star composed of both Bosons and Fermions without interaction, it is shown that it is possible to obtain stable slowly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-09 Claudio M. G. de Sousa

We study novel solitonic solutions to Einstein-Klein-Gordon theory in the presence of a periodic scalar potential arising in models of axion-like particles. The potential depends on two parameters: the mass of the scalar field $m_a$ and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-27 Davide Guerra , Caio F. B. Macedo , Paolo Pani

Millimeter very long baseline interferometry will soon produce accurate images of the closest surroundings of the supermassive compact object at the center of the Galaxy, Sgr A*. These images may reveal the existence of a central faint…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-05-25 F. H. Vincent , Z. Meliani , P. Grandclement , E. Gourgoulhon , O. Straub

Fluid and ultralight bosonic dark matter can interact through gravity to form stable fermion-boson stars, which are static and regular mixed solutions of the Einstein-Euler-(complex, massive) Klein-Gordon system. In this work we study the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-27 Nicolas Sanchis-Gual , Paula Izquierdo

We propose a new method to search for light (pseudo-)scalar particles in the spectra of compact astrophysical objects such as magnetars, pulsars, and quasars. On accounts of compact astrophysical objects having intense magnetic fields…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-10-20 Doron Chelouche , Raul Rabadan , Sergey Pavlov , Francisco Castejon

The relativistic multipole moments provide a key ingredient to characterize the gravitational field around compact astrophysical objects. They play a crucial role in the description of the orbital evolution of coalescing binary systems and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-22 Massimo Vaglio , Costantino Pacilio , Andrea Maselli , Paolo Pani