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IoT devices are decentralized and deployed in un-stable environments, which causes them to be prone to various kinds of faults, such as device failure and network disruption. Yet, current IoT platforms require programmers to handle faults…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Michael Norris , Berkay Celik , Patrick McDaniel , Gang Tan , Prasanna Venkatesh , Shulin Zhao , Anand Sivasubramaniam

Firmware updates remain the primary line of defense for IoT devices; however, the update channel itself has become a well-established attack vector. Existing defenses mainly focus on securing monolithic firmware images, leaving module-level…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Weihao Chen , Yansong Gao , Boyu Kuang , Jin B. Hong , Yuqing Zhang , Anmin Fu

Secure firmware update is an important stage in the IoT device life-cycle. Prior techniques, designed for other computational settings, are not readily suitable for IoT devices, since they do not consider idiosyncrasies of a realistic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-19 N. Asokan , Thomas Nyman , Norrathep Rattanavipanon , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi , Gene Tsudik

Security in the Internet of Things (IoT) requires ways to regularly update firmware in the field. These demands ever increase with new, agile concepts such as security as code and should be considered a regular operation. Hosting massive…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Cenk Gündoğan , Christian Amsüss , Thomas C. Schmidt , Matthias Wählisch

Low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) devices are increasingly popular but often insecure due to poor update regimes. As a result, many devices run outdated and known-vulnerable versions of open-source software. We address this problem by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Sebastian Jänich , Merlin Sievers , Johannes Kinder

The devices forming the Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks need to be re-programmed over-the-air, so that new features are added, software bugs or security vulnerabilities are resolved and their applications can be re-purposed. The…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Konstantinos Arakadakis , Pavlos Charalampidis , Antonis Makrogiannakis , Alexandros Fragkiadakis

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become indispensable to our daily lives and work. Unfortunately, developers often reuse software libraries in the IoT firmware, leading to a major security concern. If vulnerabilities or insecure versions of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-21 YongLe Chen , Feng Ma , Ying Zhang , YongZhong He , Haining Wang , Qiang Li

This work explores the use of machine learning techniques on an Internet-of-Things firmware dataset to detect malicious attempts to infect edge devices or subsequently corrupt an entire network. Firmware updates are uncommon in IoT devices;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Erik Larsen , Korey MacVittie , John Lilly

Consumer Internet of Things (IoT) devices often leverage the local network to communicate with the corresponding companion app or other devices. This has benefits in terms of efficiency since it offloads the cloud. ENISA and NIST security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Sara Lazzaro , Vincenzo De Angelis , Anna Maria Mandalari , Francesco Buccafurri

Bare-metal operational technology (OT) devices -- especially the microcontrollers running Modbus/TCP and CoAP at the base of industrial control systems -- have remained outside the reach of autonomous security attacks. Prior autonomous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Adel ElZemity , Budi Arief , Shujun Li , Calvin Brierley , Yichao Wang , Yuxiang Huang , James Pope , Haoxiang Li , George Oikonomou

Internet of Things (IoT) have gained popularity in recent times. With an increase in the number of IoT devices, security and privacy vulnerabilities are also increasing. For sensitive domains like healthcare and industrial sectors, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Sai Sreekar Vankayalapati , Srijanee Mookherji , Vanga Odelu

Internet of Things (IoT) devices are becoming increasingly important. These devices are often resource-limited, hindering rigorous enforcement of security policies. Assessing the vulnerability of IoT devices is an important problem, but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Davino Mauro Junior , Luis Melo , Harvey Lu , Marcelo d'Amorim , Atul Prakash

Internet technologies have made a paradigm shift in the fields of computing and data science and one such paradigm defining change is the Internet of Things or IoT. Nowadays, thousands of household appliances use integrated smart devices…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Projjal Gupta

With the rapid growth of the contemporary Internet of Things (IoT) market, the established systems raise a number of concerns regarding the reliability and the potential presence of critical integration defects. In this paper, we present a…

Securing the supply chain of information and communications technology (ICT) has recently emerged as a critical concern for national security and integrity. With the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and their increasing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Timothy Kieras , Muhammad Junaid Farooq , Quanyan Zhu

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of billions of interconnected, primarily low-end embedded devices. Despite large-scale deployment, studies have highlighted critical security concerns in IoT networks, many of which stem from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Varun Kohli , Bhavya Kohli , Muhammad Naveed Aman , Biplab Sikdar

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging paradigm that allows to set large networks of small and independent devices. To ensure their integrity, practitioners employ so-called Remote Attestation (RA) schemes. Classic RA schemes require a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Alessandro Visintin , Flavio Toffalini , Mauro Conti , Jianying Zhou

Firmware refers to device read-only resident code which includes microcode and macro-instruction -level routines. For Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices without an operating system, firmware includes all the necessary instructions on how such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Solon Falas , Charalambos Konstantinou , Maria K. Michael

Recent high-profile attacks on the Internet of Things (IoT) have brought to the forefront the vulnerability of "smart" devices, and have resulted in numerous IoT-focused security analyses. Many of the attacks had weak device configuration…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Pallavi Sivakumaran , Jorge Blasco

We live in a time when billions of IoT devices are being deployed and increasingly relied upon. This makes ensuring their availability and recoverability in case of a compromise a paramount goal. The large and rapidly growing number of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Manuel Huber , Stefan Hristozov , Simon Ott , Vasil Sarafov , Marcus Peinado
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