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Generalization remains a core challenge in embodied AI, as robots must adapt to diverse environments. While OpenVLA represents the State-of-the-Art (SOTA) in Vision-Language-Action models by leveraging large-scale pre-training, its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Dongik Shin

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is an extremely stimulating and challenging research area where Computer Vision (CV) and Natural Language Processig (NLP) have recently met. In image captioning and video summarization, the semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Silvio Barra , Carmen Bisogni , Maria De Marsico , Stefano Ricciardi

Vision-language-action (VLA) models achieve strong in-distribution performance but degrade sharply under novel camera viewpoints and visual perturbations. We show that this brittleness primarily arises from misalignment in Spatial Modeling,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Weiqi Li , Quande Zhang , Ruifeng Zhai , Liang Lin , Guangrun Wang

Domain generalization (DG) aims to incorporate knowledge from multiple source domains into a single model that could generalize well on unseen target domains. This problem is ubiquitous in practice since the distributions of the target data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-26 Shoubo Hu , Kun Zhang , Zhitang Chen , Laiwan Chan

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) can improve a perception model's generalization to an unlabeled target domain starting from a labeled source domain. UDA using Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) with synthetic source data can achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Brunó B. Englert , Tommie Kerssies , Gijs Dubbelman

This paper investigates domain generalization: How to take knowledge acquired from an arbitrary number of related domains and apply it to previously unseen domains? We propose Domain-Invariant Component Analysis (DICA), a kernel-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-01-11 Krikamol Muandet , David Balduzzi , Bernhard Schölkopf

Visual question answering (VQA) is a task where an image is given, and a series of questions are asked about the image. To build an efficient VQA algorithm, a large amount of QA data is required which is very expensive. Generating synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Taehee Kim , Yeongjae Cho , Heejun Shin , Yohan Jo , Dongmyung Shin

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models mark a transformative advancement in artificial intelligence, aiming to unify perception, natural language understanding, and embodied action within a single computational framework. This foundational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ranjan Sapkota , Yang Cao , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

Accurate diagnosis of ophthalmic diseases relies heavily on the interpretation of multimodal ophthalmic images, a process often time-consuming and expertise-dependent. Visual Question Answering (VQA) presents a potential interdisciplinary…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Xiaolan Chen , Ruoyu Chen , Pusheng Xu , Weiyi Zhang , Xianwen Shang , Mingguang He , Danli Shi

While ongoing advancements in Large Language Models have demonstrated remarkable success across various NLP tasks, Retrieval Augmented Generation Model stands out to be highly effective on downstream applications like Question Answering.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Salman Rakin , Md. A. R. Shibly , Zahin M. Hossain , Zeeshan Khan , Md. Mostofa Akbar

Medical image artificial intelligence models often achieve strong performance in single-center or single-device settings, yet their effectiveness frequently deteriorates in real-world cross-center deployment due to domain shift, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jingsong Xia , Siqi Wang

We have seen great progress in basic perceptual tasks such as object recognition and detection. However, AI models still fail to match humans in high-level vision tasks due to the lack of capacities for deeper reasoning. Recently the new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-12 Yuke Zhu , Oliver Groth , Michael Bernstein , Li Fei-Fei

Visual Question Answering (VQA) concerns providing answers to Natural Language questions about images. Several deep neural network approaches have been proposed to model the task in an end-to-end fashion. Whereas the task is grounded in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-03 Mehrdad Alizadeh , Barbara Di Eugenio

Large language models pretrained on general-domain corpora often exhibit tokenization inefficiencies when applied to specialized domains. Although continual pretraining for domain adaptation partially alleviate performance degradation, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Gunjan Balde , Soumyadeep Roy , Mainack Mondal , Niloy Ganguly

Domain adaption (DA) and domain generalization (DG) are two closely related methods which are both concerned with the task of assigning labels to an unlabeled data set. The only dissimilarity between these approaches is that DA can access…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Mohammad Mahfujur Rahman , Clinton Fookes , Mahsa Baktashmotlagh , Sridha Sridharan

Generalizing beyond the experiences has a significant role in developing practical AI systems. It has been shown that current Visual Question Answering (VQA) models are over-dependent on the language-priors (spurious correlations between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Gouthaman KV , Anurag Mittal

Visual Grounding (VG) in Visual Question Answering (VQA) systems describes how well a system manages to tie a question and its answer to relevant image regions. Systems with strong VG are considered intuitively interpretable and suggest an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Daniel Reich , Felix Putze , Tanja Schultz

This paper presents a state-of-the-art model for visual question answering (VQA), which won the first place in the 2017 VQA Challenge. VQA is a task of significant importance for research in artificial intelligence, given its multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-10 Damien Teney , Peter Anderson , Xiaodong He , Anton van den Hengel

Visual Question Answering (VQA) models have achieved significant success in recent times. Despite the success of VQA models, they are mostly black-box models providing no reasoning about the predicted answer, thus raising questions for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Nihar Bendre , Kevin Desai , Peyman Najafirad

Video quality assessment (VQA) aims to objectively quantify perceptual quality degradation in alignment with human visual perception. Despite recent advances, existing VQA models still suffer from two critical limitations: \textit{poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Linhan Cao , Wei Sun , Weixia Zhang , Xiangyang Zhu , Jun Jia , Kaiwei Zhang , Dandan Zhu , Guangtao Zhai , Xiongkuo Min