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Risk measures such as Expected Shortfall (ES) and Value-at-Risk (VaR) have been prominent in banking regulation and financial risk management. Motivated by practical considerations in the assessment and management of risks, including…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-05-05 Ruodu Wang , Johanna F. Ziegel

Systemic risk is receiving increasing attention in the insurance industry. In this paper, we propose a multi-dimensional L\'{e}vy process-based renewal risk model with heterogeneous insurance claims, where every dimension indicates a…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-17 Bingzhen Geng , Yang Liu , Hongfu Wan

The problem of estimation error of Expected Shortfall is analyzed, with a view of its introduction as a global regulatory risk measure.

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-02-25 Imre Kondor

Due to their heterogeneity, insurance risks can be properly described as a mixture of different fixed models, where the weights assigned to each model may be estimated empirically from a sample of available data. If a risk measure is…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-02-12 Valeria Bignozzi , Claudio Macci , Lea Petrella

This paper studies an optimal insurance contracting problem in which the preferences of the decision maker given by the sum of the expected loss and a convex, increasing function of a deviation measure. As for the deviation measure, our…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-12-05 Tim J. Boonen , Xia Han

We present the Shortfall Deviation Risk (SDR), a risk measure that represents the expected loss that occurs with certain probability penalized by the dispersion of results that are worse than such an expectation. SDR combines Expected…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-08-04 Marcelo Brutti Righi , Paulo Sergio Ceretta

Expected Shortfall (ES) is the average return on a risky asset conditional on the return being below some quantile of its distribution, namely its Value-at-Risk (VaR). The Basel III Accord, which will be implemented in the years leading up…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-07-18 Andrew J. Patton , Johanna F. Ziegel , Rui Chen

The estimation of risk measures recently gained a lot of attention, partly because of the backtesting issues of expected shortfall related to elicitability. In this work we shed a new and fundamental light on optimal estimation procedures…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2017-08-25 Marcin Pitera , Thorsten Schmidt

We propose a new class of monetary risk measures for assessing financial and ESG risk. The construction is based on classical shortfall risk measures with loss function replaced by a multi-attribute utility function. We present an extensive…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-04 Sebastian Geissel , Christoph Knochenhauer

In the recent Basel Accords, the Expected Shortfall (ES) replaces the Value-at-Risk (VaR) as the standard risk measure for market risk in the banking sector, making it the most important risk measure in financial regulation. One of the most…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-16 Qiuqi Wang , Ruodu Wang , Johanna Ziegel

We show that coherent risk measures are ineffective in curbing the behaviour of investors with limited liability or excessive tail-risk seeking behaviour if the market admits statistical arbitrage opportunities which we term…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-10-21 John Armstrong , Damiano Brigo

The standard theory of coherent risk measures fails to consider individual institutions as part of a system which might itself experience instability and spread new sources of risk to the market participants. In compliance with an approach…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-08-09 Bernardi Mauro , Roy Cerqueti , Arsen Palestini

The risk of a financial position is usually summarized by a risk measure. As this risk measure has to be estimated from historical data, it is important to be able to verify and compare competing estimation procedures. In statistical…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-04-01 Johanna F. Ziegel

To comply with increasingly stringent international standards in risk management and regulation, several approaches have been developed in the literature for forecasting tail-risk measures such as Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-02 Alessandra Amendola , Vincenzo Candila , Antonio Naimoli , Giuseppe Storti

We propose a new backtesting framework for Expected Shortfall that could be used by the regulator. Instead of looking at the estimated capital reserve and the realised cash-flow separately, one could bind them into the secured position, for…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-08-13 Felix Moldenhauer , Marcin Pitera

Systemic risk measures were introduced to capture the global risk and the corresponding contagion effects that is generated by an interconnected system of financial institutions. To this purpose, two approaches were suggested. In the first…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-23 Sarah Kaakai , Anis Matoussi , Achraf Tamtalini

The celebrated Expected Shortfall (ES) optimization formula implies that ES at a fixed probability level is the minimum of a linear real function plus a scaled mean excess function. We establish a reverse ES optimization formula, which says…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-05-23 Yuanying Guan , Zhanyi Jiao , Ruodu Wang

The Lambda Value-at-Risk (Lambda-VaR) is a generalization of the Value-at-Risk (VaR), which has been actively studied in quantitative finance. Over the past two decades, the Expected Shortfall (ES) has become one of the most important risk…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-08 Fabio Bellini , Muqiao Huang , Qiuqi Wang , Ruodu Wang

This paper presents analytical solutions to the problem of how to calculate sensible VaR (Value-at-Risk) and ES (Expected Shortfall) contributions in the CreditRisk+ methodology. Via the ES contributions, ES itself can be exactly computed…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-08-09 Alexandre Kurth , Dirk Tasche

Marginal expected shortfall (MES) is an important measure when assessing and quantifying the contribution of the financial institution to a systemic crisis. In this paper, we propose time-lagged marginal expected shortfall (TMES) as a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-08 Jiajun Liu , Xuannan Liu , Yuwei Zhao