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This article is primarily meant to present an early case study on using MLIR, a new compiler intermediate representation infrastructure, for high-performance code generation. Aspects of MLIR covered in particular include memrefs, the affine…

Performance · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Uday Bondhugula

Multi-level intermediate representations (MLIR) show great promise for reducing the cost of building domain-specific compilers by providing a reusable and extensible compiler infrastructure. This work presents TPU-MLIR, an end-to-end…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Pengchao Hu , Man Lu , Lei Wang , Guoyue Jiang

This work proposes a compilation flow using open-source compiler passes to build a framework to achieve ninja performance from a generic linear algebra high-level abstraction. We demonstrate this flow with a proof-of-concept MLIR project…

The rapidly evolving landscape of AI and machine learning workloads has widened the gap between high-level domain operations and efficient hardware utilization. Achieving near-peak performance still demands deep hardware expertise-experts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Arun Thangamani , Md Asghar Ahmad Shahid , Adam Siemieniuk , Rolf Morel , Renato Golin , Alexander Heinecke

The emergence of machine learning, image and audio processing on edge devices has motivated research towards power efficient custom hardware accelerators. Though FPGAs are an ideal target for energy efficient custom accelerators, the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Kingshuk Majumder , Uday Bondhugula

Code optimization is a crucial task that aims to enhance code performance. However, this process is often tedious and complex, highlighting the necessity for automatic code optimization techniques. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as…

Neural program embeddings have demonstrated considerable promise in a range of program analysis tasks, including clone identification, program repair, code completion, and program synthesis. However, most existing methods generate neural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Zongjie Li , Pingchuan Ma , Huaijin Wang , Shuai Wang , Qiyi Tang , Sen Nie , Shi Wu

A commonly occurring computation idiom in neural networks is to perform some pointwise operations on the result of a matrix multiplication. Such a sequence of operations is typically represented as a computation graph in deep learning…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Somashekaracharya G. Bhaskaracharya , Julien Demouth , Vinod Grover

Modern research in code generators for dense linear algebra computations has shown the ability to produce optimized code with a performance which compares and often exceeds the one of state-of-the-art implementations by domain experts.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Lorenzo Chelini , Henrik Barthels , Paolo Bientinesi , Marcin Copik , Tobias Grosser , Daniele G. Spampinato

Traditional compilers operate on a single generic intermediate representation (IR). These IRs are usually low-level and close to machine instructions. As a result, optimizations relying on domain-specific information are either not possible…

Creating high performance implementations of deep learning primitives on CPUs is a challenging task. Multiple considerations including multi-level cache hierarchy, and wide SIMD units of CPU platforms influence the choice of program…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Sanket Tavarageri , Gagandeep Goyal , Sasikanth Avancha , Bharat Kaul , Ramakrishna Upadrasta

Multi-Level Intermediate Representation (MLIR) is gaining increasing attention in reconfigurable hardware communities due to its capability to represent various abstract levels for software compilers. This project aims to be the first to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Zhenya Zang , Uwe Dolinsky , Pietro Ghiglio , Stefano Cherubin , Mehdi Goli , Shufan Yang

Achieving high-performance GPU kernels requires optimizing algorithm implementations to the targeted GPU architecture. It is of utmost importance to fully use the compute and memory hierarchy, as well as available specialised hardware.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Bastian Hagedorn , Archibald Samuel Elliott , Henrik Barthels , Rastislav Bodik , Vinod Grover

Matrix multiplication is a fundamental operation in both training of neural networks and inference. To accelerate matrix multiplication, Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) provide it implemented in hardware. Due to the increased throughput…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Faizan A. Khattak , Mantas Mikaitis

One of the primary areas of interest in High Performance Computing is the improvement of performance of parallel workloads. Nowadays, compilable source code-based optimization tasks that employ deep learning often exploit LLVM Intermediate…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Akash Dutta , Ali Jannesari

Despite significant investment in software infrastructure, machine learning systems, runtimes and compilers do not compose properly. We propose a new design aiming at providing unprecedented degrees of modularity, composability and…

The Deep Learning (DL) community sees many novel topologies published each year. Achieving high performance on each new topology remains challenging, as each requires some level of manual effort. This issue is compounded by the…

During early optimization passes, compilers must make predictions for machine-dependent characteristics such as execution unit utilization, number of register spills, latency, throughput etc. to generate better code. Often a hand-written…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Dibyendu Das , Sandya Mannarswamy

This work presents MLIR, a novel approach to building reusable and extensible compiler infrastructure. MLIR aims to address software fragmentation, improve compilation for heterogeneous hardware, significantly reduce the cost of building…

In this paper, we present Hexagon-MLIR,an open-source compilation stack that targets Qualcomm Hexagon Neural Processing Unit (NPU) and provides unified support for lowering Triton kernels and PyTorch models . Built using the MLIR framework,…

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