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Deep learning models are effective, yet brittle. Even carefully trained, their behavior tends to be hard to predict when confronted with out-of-distribution samples. In this work, our goal is to propose a simple yet effective solution to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Gabriela Csurka , Tyler L. Hayes , Diane Larlus , Riccardo Volpi

When the world changes, so does the text that humans write about it. How do we build language models that can be easily updated to reflect these changes? One popular approach is retrieval-augmented generation, in which new documents are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Belinda Z. Li , Emmy Liu , Alexis Ross , Abbas Zeitoun , Graham Neubig , Jacob Andreas

A major challenge in the practical use of Machine Translation (MT) is that users lack guidance to make informed decisions about when to rely on outputs. Progress in quality estimation research provides techniques to automatically assess MT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Nikita Mehandru , Sweta Agrawal , Yimin Xiao , Elaine C Khoong , Ge Gao , Marine Carpuat , Niloufar Salehi

Shortage of available training data is holding back progress in the area of automated error detection. This paper investigates two alternative methods for artificially generating writing errors, in order to create additional resources. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Marek Rei , Mariano Felice , Zheng Yuan , Ted Briscoe

Quality Estimation (QE) is estimating quality of the model output during inference when the ground truth is not available. Deriving output quality from the models' output probability is the most trivial and low-effort way. However, we show…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Tu Anh Dinh , Jan Niehues

Natural Language Generation (NLG) refers to the operation of expressing the calculation results of a system in human language. Since the quality of generated sentences from an NLG model cannot be fully represented using only quantitative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Dojun Park , Youngjin Jang , Harksoo Kim

The use of large language models (LLMs) for evaluating outputs is becoming an increasingly effective and scalable approach. However, it remains uncertain whether this capability extends beyond task-specific evaluations to more general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Rhitabrat Pokharel , Ameeta Agrawal

Automatic Post-Editing (APE) is the task of automatically identifying and correcting errors in the Machine Translation (MT) outputs. We propose a repair-filter-use methodology that uses an APE system to correct errors on the target side of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Akshay Batheja , Sourabh Deoghare , Diptesh Kanojia , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Machine Translation (MT) plays a pivotal role in cross-lingual information access, public policy communication, and equitable knowledge dissemination. However, critical meaning errors, such as factual distortions, intent reversals, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Muskaan Chopra , Lorenz Sparrenberg , Rafet Sifa

Machine Translation (MT) has developed rapidly since the release of Large Language Models and current MT evaluation is performed through comparison with reference human translations or by predicting quality scores from human-labeled data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Shun Wang , Ge Zhang , Han Wu , Tyler Loakman , Wenhao Huang , Chenghua Lin

Automatic evaluation of machine translation (MT) is a critical tool driving the rapid iterative development of MT systems. While considerable progress has been made on estimating a single scalar quality score, current metrics lack the…

The predictive uncertainty of machine translation (MT) models is typically used as a quality estimation proxy. In this work, we posit that apart from confidently translating when a single correct translation exists, models should also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Ieva Raminta Staliūnaitė , Julius Cheng , Andreas Vlachos

Human evaluation of machine translation is in an arms race with translation model quality: as our models get better, our evaluation methods need to be improved to ensure that quality gains are not lost in evaluation noise. To this end, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Parker Riley , Daniel Deutsch , Mara Finkelstein , Colten DiIanni , Juraj Juraska , Markus Freitag

Regularization of neural machine translation is still a significant problem, especially in low-resource settings. To mollify this problem, we propose regressing word embeddings (ReWE) as a new regularization technique in a system that is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Ehsan Zare Borzeshi , Nazanin Esmaili , Massimo Piccardi

The increasing use of automated translation quality estimation (QE) systems calls for practical, decision-oriented methods for evaluating their performance. We propose that Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis is a useful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Evelyn Y. Garland , Carola F. Berger

Reasoning language models (RLMs) achieve strong performance on complex reasoning tasks, yet they still exhibit a multilingual reasoning gap, performing better in high-resource languages than in low-resource ones. While recent efforts have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Deokhyung Kang , Seonjeong Hwang , Daehui Kim , Hyounghun Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

Event extraction has gained extensive research attention due to its broad range of applications. However, the current mainstream evaluation method for event extraction relies on token-level exact match, which misjudges numerous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yi-Fan Lu , Xian-Ling Mao , Tian Lan , Heyan Huang , Chen Xu , Xiaoyan Gao

In this paper we present an approach for estimating the quality of machine translation system. There are various methods for estimating the quality of output sentences, but in this paper we focus on Na\"ive Bayes classifier to build model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-12-30 Rashmi Gupta , Nisheeth Joshi , Iti Mathur

Many multilingual NLP applications need to translate words between different languages, but cannot afford the computational expense of inducing or applying a full translation model. For these applications, we have designed a fast algorithm…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 I. Dan Melamed

Language model is one of the most important modules in statistical machine translation and currently the word-based language model dominants this community. However, many translation models (e.g. phrase-based models) generate the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-02-06 Jiajun Zhang , Shujie Liu , Mu Li , Ming Zhou , Chengqing Zong