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For $\gamma \in (0,2)$, we define a weak $\gamma$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) metric to be a function $h\mapsto D_h$ which takes in an instance of the planar Gaussian free field (GFF) and outputs a metric on the plane satisfying a…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-03 Julien Dubédat , Hugo Falconet , Ewain Gwynne , Joshua Pfeffer , Xin Sun

Physics considerations suggest that a theory of Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) should exist for all values of matter central charge $\mathbf{c} \in (-\infty,25)$. Probabilists have rigorously defined LQG as a random metric measure space…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-07-03 Joshua Pfeffer

We prove that for any metric which one can associate with a Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface for $\gamma \in (0,2)$ satisfying certain natural axioms, its geodesics exhibit the following confluence property. For any fixed point $z$,…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-04 Ewain Gwynne , Jason Miller

The metric associated with the Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface has been constructed through a series of recent works and several properties of its associated geodesics have been studied. In the current article we confirm the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Zherui Fan , Subhajit Goswami

We prove the tightness of a natural approximation scheme for an analog of the Liouville quantum gravity metric on $\mathbb R^d$ for arbitrary $d\geq 2$. More precisely, let $\{h_n\}_{n\geq 1}$ be a suitable sequence of Gaussian random…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Jian Ding , Ewain Gwynne , Zijie Zhuang

We study the volume of metric balls in Liouville quantum gravity (LQG). For $\gamma \in (0,2)$, it has been known since the early work of Kahane (1985) and Molchan (1996) that the LQG volume of Euclidean balls has finite moments exactly for…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-12-01 Morris Ang , Hugo Falconet , Xin Sun

We show that for each ${\mathbf c}_{\mathrm M} \in [1,25)$, there is a unique metric associated with Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) with matter central charge ${\mathbf c}_{\mathrm M}$. An earlier series of works by…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-31 Jian Ding , Ewain Gwynne

We study Liouville first passage percolation metrics associated to a Gaussian free field $h$ mollified by the two-dimensional heat kernel $p_t$ in the bulk, and related star-scale invariant metrics. For $\gamma \in (0,2)$ and $\xi =…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-18 Jian Ding , Julien Dubédat , Alexander Dunlap , Hugo Falconet

Liouville first passage percolation (LFPP) with parameter $\xi >0$ is the family of random distance functions $\{D_h^\epsilon\}_{\epsilon >0}$ on the plane obtained by integrating $e^{\xi h_\epsilon}$ along paths, where $h_\epsilon$ for…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Jian Ding , Ewain Gwynne

We show that for each $\gamma \in (0,2)$, there is a unique metric (i.e., distance function) associated with $\gamma$-Liouville quantum gravity (LQG). More precisely, we show that for the whole-plane Gaussian free field (GFF) $h$, there is…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-23 Ewain Gwynne , Jason Miller

We endow the $\sqrt{8/3}$-Liouville quantum gravity sphere with a metric space structure and show that the resulting metric measure space agrees in law with the Brownian map. Recall that a Liouville quantum gravity sphere is a priori…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-04-20 Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield

Consider a critical ($\gamma=2$) Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) disk together with an independent conformal loop ensemble (CLE) with parameter $\kappa=4$. We show that the critical LQG surfaces parametrized by the regions enclosed by the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Morris Ang , Ewain Gwynne

A Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surface is a natural random two-dimensional surface, initially formulated as a random measure space and later as a random metric space. We show that the LQG measure can be recovered as the Minkowski measure…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-10-13 Ewain Gwynne , Jinwoo Sung

We prove that the geodesics associated with any metric generated from Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) which satisfies certain natural hypotheses are necessarily singular with respect to the law of any type of SLE$_\kappa$. These hypotheses…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Jason Miller , Wei Qian

Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) is a one-parameter family of models of random fractal surfaces which first appeared in the physics literature in the 1980s. Recent works have constructed a metric (distance function) on an LQG surface. We…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-24 Jian Ding , Julien Dubedat , Ewain Gwynne

There is a substantial literature concerning Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) in two dimensions with conformal matter field of central charge ${\mathbf{c}}_{\mathrm M}\in(-\infty,1]$. Via the DDK ansatz, LQG can equivalently be described as…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Ewain Gwynne , Nina Holden , Joshua Pfeffer , Guillaume Remy

Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) and the Brownian map (TBM) are two distinct models of measure-endowed random surfaces. LQG is defined in terms of a real parameter $\gamma$, and it has long been believed that when $\gamma = \sqrt{8/3}$, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Jason Miller , Scott Sheffield

Over the past few decades, two natural random surface models have emerged within physics and mathematics. The first is Liouville quantum gravity, which has its roots in string theory and conformal field theory from the 1980s and 1990s. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-12-06 Jason Miller

Liouville first passage percolation (LFPP) with parameter $\xi > 0$ is the family of random distance functions $\{D_h^\epsilon\}_{\epsilon >0}$ on the plane obtained by integrating $e^{\xi h_\epsilon}$ along paths, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-30 Jian Ding , Ewain Gwynne

Let $h$ be a log-correlated Gaussian field on $\R^d$, let $\gamma \in (0,\sqrt{2d}),$ let $\mu_h$ be the $\gamma$-Gaussian multiplicative chaos measure, and let $D_h$ be an exponential metric associated with $h$ satisfying certain natural…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-18 Andres A. Contreras Hip , Ewain Gwynne
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