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Disasters frequently exceed established hazard models, revealing blind spots where unforeseen impacts and vulnerabilities hamper effective response. This perspective paper contends that situational awareness (SA)-the ability to perceive,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Hongrak Pak , Ali Mostafavi

To handle the vast amounts of qualitative data produced in corporate climate communication, stakeholders increasingly rely on Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. However, a significant gap remains in evaluating domain-specific…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Tobias Schimanski , Jingwei Ni , Roberto Spacey , Nicola Ranger , Markus Leippold

Effective incident response (IR) is critical for mitigating cyber threats, yet security teams are overwhelmed by alert fatigue, high false-positive rates, and the vast volume of unstructured Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) documents. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Amine Tellache , Abdelaziz Amara Korba , Amdjed Mokhtari , Horea Moldovan , Yacine Ghamri-Doudane

The use of crowdsourced data has been finding practical use for enhancing situational awareness during disasters. While recent studies have shown promising results regarding the potential of crowdsourced data for flood mapping, little…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Miguel Esparza , Hamed Farahmand , Samuel Brody , Ali Mostafavi

Individual and community psychology plays an important role in disaster management as human behavior exhibit diverse risk perceptions, recognition of the threats that exists, positive and negative emotions, panic, anger, rumor, stress and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-19 Liaquat Hossain

Climate change impacts a broad spectrum of human resources and activities, necessitating the use of climate models to project long-term effects and inform mitigation and adaptation strategies. These models generate multiple datasets by…

Information systems usually show as a particular point of failure the vagueness between user search terms and the knowledge orders of the information space in question. Some kind of guided searching therefore becomes more and more important…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-06-02 Peter Mutschke , Andrea Scharnhorst , Christophe Guéret , Philipp Mayr , Preben Hansen , Aida Slavic

The explosion of information constrains the judgement of search terms associated with Knowledge-Based Web Ecosystem (KBWE), making the retrieval of relevant information and its knowledge management challenging. The existing information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-11 Dengya Zhu , Shastri Lakshman Nimmagadda , Torsten Reiners , Amit Rudra

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has deeply impacted various fields, including Earth system sciences. Here, AI improved weather forecasting, model emulation, parameter estimation, and the prediction of extreme events. However,…

While traditional data systems remain fundamental to humanitarian response, they often lack the real-time responsiveness and spatial precision needed to capture increasingly complex patterns of displacement. Internal displacement reached an…

Cybersecurity incident response teams mitigate the impact of adverse cyber-related events in organisations. Field studies of IR teams suggest that at present the process of IR is under-developed with a focus on the technological dimension…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Ashley O'Neill , Atif Ahmad , Sean Maynard

Natural disasters can have catastrophic consequences, a poignant example is the series of $7.7$ and $7.6$ magnitude earthquakes that devastated T\"urkiye on February 6, 2023. To limit the damage, it is essential to maintain the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Bilal Karaman , Ilhan Basturk , Sezai Taskin , Ferdi Kara , Engin Zeydan , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Rapid, fine-grained disaster damage assessment is essential for effective emergency response, yet remains challenging due to limited ground sensors and delays in official reporting. Social media provides a rich, real-time source of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zihui Ma , Lingyao Li , Juan Li , Wenyue Hua , Jingxiao Liu , Qingyuan Feng , Yuki Miura

'Fragmentation in care' continuum is often considered as a shortcoming of Health system whereas, 'Integration of care' is widely acclaimed as a viable solution to fragmentation. In last two decades, Information and communication…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Deepa Austin , Amit Prakash

Knowledge management (KM) involves collecting, organizing, storing, and disseminating information to improve decision-making, innovation, and performance. Implementing KM at scale has become essential for organizations to effectively…

This paper reviews the literature on response strategies for restoring infrastructure networks in the aftermath of a disaster. Our motivation for this review is twofold. First, the frequency and magnitude of natural and man-made disasters…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-07-23 Subhojit Biswas , Bahar Cavdar , Joseph Geunes

The increasing device heterogeneity and decentralization requirements in the computing continuum (i.e., spanning edge, fog, and cloud) introduce new challenges in resource orchestration. In such environments, agents are often responsible…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Vlad Popescu-Vifor , Ilir Murturi , Praveen Kumar Donta , Schahram Dustdar

Online social networks are increasingly being utilized for collective sense making and information processing in disasters. However, the underlying mechanisms that shape the dynamics of collective intelligence in online social networks…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chao Fan , Fangsheng Wu , Ali Mostafavi

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized scientific research with their exceptional capabilities and transformed various fields. Among their practical applications, LLMs have been playing a crucial role in mitigating threats to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zhenyu Lei , Yushun Dong , Weiyu Li , Rong Ding , Qi Wang , Jundong Li

Disaster and emergency management are under the responsibility of many organizations and there are serious coordination problems in post-disaster crisis management. This paper proposes a decentralized non-governmental organization resource…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Arzu Özkan , Umutcan Korkmaz , Cemal Dak , Enis Karaarslan