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A major uncertainty in understanding the transport and feedback of cosmic-rays (CRs) within and beyond our Galaxy lies in the unknown CR scattering rates, which are primarily determined by wave-particle interaction at microscopic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-06 Xue-Ning Bai

Conventional cosmic-ray propagation models usually assume an isotropic diffusion coefficient to account for the random deflection of cosmic rays by the turbulent interstellar magnetic field. Such a picture is very successful in explaining…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-24 Wei Liu , Su-jie Lin , Hong-bo Hu , Yi-qing Guo , Ai-feng Li

We present a hydrodynamical simulation of the turbulent, magnetized, supernova (SN)-driven interstellar medium (ISM) in a stratified box that dynamically couples the injection and evolution of cosmic rays (CRs) and a self-consistent…

Cosmic rays (CRs) are an important source of feedback in a variety of astrophysical contexts. Magneto-hydrodynamical (MHD) simulations treating CRs as a fluid have shown that how their feedback operates is strongly dependent on their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-25 Joki Rosdahl , Yohan Dubois , Benoit Commercon , Nimatou Diallo , Nai Chieh Lin , Alexandre Marcowith

Cosmic rays (CRs) are the primary driver of ionization in star forming molecular clouds (MCs). Despite their potential impacts on gas dynamics and chemistry, no simulations of star cluster formation following the creation of individual…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-26 Margot Fitz Axen , Stella Offner , Phillip F. Hopkins , Mark R. Krumholz , Michael Y. Grudic

Recent years have seen many arguments for cosmic rays (CRs) as an important influence on galactic and circumgalactic (CGM) physics, star and galaxy formation. We present a pedagogical overview of state-of-the-art modeling of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-11 Philip F. Hopkins

We present a series of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hydrodynamic simulations of flat rotation curve galactic gas disks with a detailed treatment of the interstellar medium (ISM) physics of the atomic to molecular phase transition under…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-24 Qi Li , Jonathan C. Tan , Duncan Christie , Thomas G. Bisbas , Benjamin Wu

The distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays is remarkably isotropic, which is a consequence of their repeated scattering in magnetic fields. Yet, high-statistics observatories like IceCube and HAWC have revealed the presence of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-12-04 Philipp Mertsch , Markus Ahlers

Recent direct measurements of Galactic cosmic ray spectra by balloon/space-borne detectors reveal spectral hardenings of all major nucleus species at rigidities of a few hundred GV. The all-sky diffuse gamma-ray emissions measured by the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-03-21 Yi-Qing Guo , Qiang Yuan

The analytical theory of diffusive cosmic ray acceleration at parallel stationary shock waves with magnetostatic turbulence is generalized to arbitrary shock speeds $V_s=\beta_1c$, including in particular relativistic speeds. This is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-08-19 Reinhard Schlickeiser

Cosmic rays up to at least PeV energies are usually described in the framework of an elementary scenario that involves acceleration by objects that are located in the disk of the Milky Way, such as supernova remnants or massive star-forming…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-14 L. Tibaldo , S. W. Digel

Motivated by recent experimental proposals to search for extragalactic cosmic rays (including anti-matter from distant galaxies), we study particle propagation through the intergalactic medium (IGM). We first use estimates of the magnetic…

How and where cosmic rays are produced, and how they diffuse through various turbulent media, represent fundamental problems in astrophysics with far reaching implications, both in terms of our theoretical understanding of high-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Marco Fatuzzo , Fulvio Melia

Cosmic rays (CRs) are an integral part of the non-thermal pressure budget in the interstellar medium (ISM) and are the leading-order ionization mechanism in cold molecular clouds. We study the impacts that different microphysical CR…

We present a comprehensive study about the phenomenological implications of the theory describing Galactic cosmic-ray scattering onto magnetosonic and Alfv\'enic fluctuations in the $\mathrm{GeV} - \mathrm{PeV}$ domain. We compute a set of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-17 Ottavio Fornieri , Daniele Gaggero , Silvio Sergio Cerri , Pedro De la Torre Luque , Stefano Gabici

The transport of charged energetic particles in the presence of strong intermittent heliospheric turbulence is computationally analyzed based on known properties of the interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind plasma at 1 Astronomical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-18 Fathallah Alouani-Bibi , Jakobus A. le Roux

Observations of the vicinity of a variety of galactic gamma-ray sources have indicated a local suppression of diffusivity of cosmic rays by up to three orders of magnitude. However, the impact of these low-diffusion zones on \emph{global}…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-18 Hanno Jacobs , Philipp Mertsch , Vo Hong Minh Phan

The diffusive and convective CR transport in NGC 253 from the disk into the halo is investigated using the local CR bulk speed. The connection between the CR transport and the galactic wind is outlined. We observed NGC 253 with the VLA at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 V. Heesen , R. Beck , M. Krause , R. -J. Dettmar

We study the nonlinear growth of kinetic gyroresonance instability of cosmic rays (CRs) induced by large scale compressible turbulence. This feedback of cosmic rays on turbulence was shown to induce an important scattering mechanism in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-03-28 Huirong Yan , A. Lazarian

We have developed an economical, effective numerical scheme for cosmic-ray transport suitable for treatment of electrons up to a few hundreds of GeV in multidimensional simulations of radio galaxies. The method follows the electron…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 T. W. Jones , I. L. Tregillis , Dongsu Ryu