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We combine the ideas of edge coloring games and asymmetric graph coloring games and define the \emph{$(m,1)$-edge coloring game}, which is alternatively played by two players Maker and Breaker on a finite simple graph $G$ with a set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Runze Wang

A conflict-free coloring of a graph $G$ is a (partial) coloring of its vertices such that every vertex $u$ has a neighbor whose assigned color is unique in the neighborhood of $u$. There are two variants of this coloring, one defined using…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Sriram Bhyravarapu , Tim A. Hartmann , Hung P. Hoang , Subrahmanyam Kalyanasundaram , I. Vinod Reddy

$\textit{Magic: The Gathering}$ is a popular and famously complicated trading card game about magical combat. In this paper we show that optimal play in real-world $\textit{Magic}$ is at least as hard as the Halting Problem, solving a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Alex Churchill , Stella Biderman , Austin Herrick

A graph $G = (V,E)$ is said to be saturated with respect to a monotone increasing graph property ${\mathcal P}$, if $G \notin {\mathcal P}$ but $G \cup \{e\} \in {\mathcal P}$ for every $e \in \binom{V}{2} \setminus E$. The saturation game…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-29 Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich , Alon Naor , Miloš Stojaković

In set theory without the axiom of regularity, we consider a game in which two players choose in turn an element of a given set, an element of this element, etc.; a player wins if its adversary cannot make any next move. Sets that are…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Denis I. Saveliev

We characterize the initial positions from which the first player has a winning strategy in a certain two-player game. This provides a generalization of Hall's theorem. Vizing's edge coloring theorem follows from a special case.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-23 Landon Rabern

We study the Maker-Breaker tournament game played on the edge set of a given graph $G$. Two players, Maker and Breaker claim unclaimed edges of $G$ in turns, and Maker wins if by the end of the game she claims all the edges of a pre-defined…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-23 Dennis Clemens , Mirjana Mikalački

In the vertex colouring game on a graph $G$, Maker and Breaker alternately colour vertices of $G$ from a palette of $k$ colours, with no two adjacent vertices allowed the same colour. Maker seeks to colour the whole graph while Breaker…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Lawrence Hollom

A gambler moves between the vertices $1, \ldots, n$ of a graph using the probability distribution $p_{1}, \ldots, p_{n}$. Multiple cops pursue the gambler on the graph, only being able to move between adjacent vertices. We investigate the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Jesse Geneson

We study the m-Eternal Domination problem, which is the following two-player game between a defender and an attacker on a graph: initially, the defender positions k guards on vertices of the graph; the game then proceeds in turns between…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Tiziana Calamoneri , Federico Corò , Neeldhara Misra , Saraswati G. Nanoti , Giacomo Paesani

A proper coloring of a graph is \emph{conflict-free} if, for every non-isolated vertex, some color is used exactly once on its neighborhood. Caro, Petru\v{s}evski, and \v{S}krekovski proved that every graph $G$ has a proper conflict-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Daniel W. Cranston , Chun-Hung Liu

We study two types of two player, perfect information games with no chance moves, played on the edge set of the binomial random graph ${\mathcal G}(n,p)$. In each round of the $(1 : q)$ Waiter-Client Hamiltonicity game, the first player,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-17 Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich , Wei En Tan

We consider the following two-player game, parametrised by positive integers $n$ and $k$. The game is played between Painter and Builder, alternately taking turns, with Painter moving first. The game starts with the empty graph on $n$…

Hedonic diversity games are a variant of the classical Hedonic games designed to better model a variety of questions concerning diversity and fairness. Previous works mainly targeted the case with two diversity classes (represented as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Robert Ganian , Thekla Hamm , Dušan Knop , Šimon Schierreich , Ondřej Suchý

We study a version of online edge coloring, where the goal is to color as many edges as possible using only a given number, $k$, of available colors. All of our results are with regard to competitive analysis. Previous attempts to identify…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Lene M. Favrholdt , Jesper W. Mikkelsen

The localization game is played by two players: a Cop with a team of $k$ cops, and a Robber. The game is initialised by the Robber choosing a vertex $r \in V$, unknown to the Cop. Thereafter, the game proceeds turn based. At the start of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-16 Jeandré Boshoff , Adriana Roux

Consider the following one player game. A deck containing $m$ copies of $n$ different card types is shuffled uniformly at random. Each round the player tries to guess the next card in the deck, and then the card is revealed and discarded.…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Sam Spiro

We consider combinatorial avoidance and achievement games based on graph Ramsey theory: The players take turns in coloring still uncolored edges of a graph G, each player being assigned a distinct color, choosing one edge per move. In…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Wolfgang Slany

We investigate games played between Maker and Breaker on an infinite complete graph whose vertices are coloured with colours from a given set, each colour appearing infinitely often. The players alternately claim edges, Makers aim being to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-26 Nathan Bowler , Marit Emde , Florian Gut

We study an evolutionary game of chance in which the probabilities for different outcomes (e.g., heads or tails) depend on the amount wagered on those outcomes. The game is perhaps the simplest possible probabilistic game in which…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-08-29 Dmitriy Cherkashin , J. Doyne Farmer , Seth Lloyd