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Boltzmannian statistical mechanics partitions the phase space of a system into macro-regions, and the largest of these is identified with equilibrium. What justifies this identification? Common answers focus on Boltzmann's combinatorial…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-06-22 Charlotte Werndl , Roman Frigg

A nonequilibrium statistical operator method is developed for ensembles of particles obeying non-Hamiltonian equations of motion in classical phase space. The main consequences of non-zero compressibility of phase space are examined in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander V. Zhukov , Jianshu Cao

We study the formation of coherent structures in a system with long-range interactions where particles moving on a circle interact through a repulsive cosine potential. Non equilibrium structures are shown to correspond to statistical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Julien Barre' , Freddy Bouchet , Thierry Dauxois , Stefano Ruffo

We present an overview of our studies on the nonequilibrium dynamics of quantum systems that have many interacting particles. Our emphasis is on systems that show strong level repulsion, referred to as chaotic systems. We discuss how full…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-01 Lea F. Santos , E. J. Torres-Herrera

Quasistationary states are long-lived nonequilibrium states, observed in some systems with long-range interactions under deterministic Hamiltonian evolution. These intriguing non-Boltzmann states relax to equilibrium over times which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-17 Shamik Gupta , David Mukamel

Macroscopic quantum superpositions are widely believed to be unobservable because large systems cannot be perfectly isolated from their environments. Here, we show that even under perfect isolation, intrinsic unitary dynamics with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Gabriel Dias Carvalho , Pedro S. Correia , Thiago R. de Oliveira

We consider the dynamics of continuously measured many-body chaotic quantum systems. Focusing on the observable of state purification, we analytically describe the limits of strong and weak measurement rate, where in the latter case…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-07-15 A. Altland , M. Buchhold , S. Diehl , T. Micklitz

State-of-the-art quantum simulators permit local temporal control of interactions and midcircuit readout. These capabilities open the way towards the exploration of intriguing nonequilibrium phenomena. We illustrate this with a kinetically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Marcel Cech , María Cea , Mari Carmen Bañuls , Igor Lesanovsky , Federico Carollo

Equilibrium statistical mechanics provides a robust framework for characterizing phase transitions in systems whose microsopic dynamics are time-reversible. Efforts to develop and validate theoretical frameworks for time-irreversible,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-18 Stuart J. Thomson , Jack-William Barotta , Daniel M. Harris

In Boltzmannian statistical mechanics macro-states supervene on micro-states. This leads to a partitioning of the state space of a system into regions of macroscopically indistinguishable micro-states. The largest of these regions is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-10-09 Charlotte Werndl , Roman Frigg

We initiate the systematic study of experimental quantum physics from the perspective of computational complexity. To this end, we define the framework of quantum algorithmic measurements (QUALMs), a hybrid of black box quantum algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 Dorit Aharonov , Jordan Cotler , Xiao-Liang Qi

Small thermodynamic systems exhibit peculiar behavior different from that observed in long-scale systems. Non-equilibrium processes taking place in those systems are strongly influenced by the presence of fluctuations which can be large.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. M. Rubi

The concept of work is basic for statistical thermodynamics. To gain a fuller understanding of work and its (quantum) features, it needs to be represented as an average of a fluctuating quantity. Here I focus on the work done between two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-19 A. E. Allahverdyan

Statistical equilibrium configurations are important in the physics of macroscopic systems with a large number of constituent degrees of freedom. They are expected to be crucial also in discrete quantum gravity, where dynamical spacetime…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-14 Isha Kotecha

The theory of large deviations is already the natural language for the statistical physics of equilibrium and non-equilibrium. In the field of disordered systems, the analysis via large deviations is even more useful to describe within a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-05-12 Cecile Monthus

A new microcanonical equilibrium state is introduced for quantum systems with finite-dimensional state spaces. Equilibrium is characterised by a uniform distribution on a level surface of the expectation value of the Hamiltonian. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-10-25 Dorje C. Brody , Daniel W. Hook , Lane P. Hughston

We show how the concept of quantum open system and the methods in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics can be usefully applied to studies of quantum statistical processes in the early universe. We first sketch how noise, fluctuation,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 B. L. Hu

Quantum many body system in equilibrium can be effectively characterized using the framework of quantum statistical mechanics. However, nonequilibrium behaviour of quantum many body systems remains elusive, out of the range of such a well…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-14 Bing Chen , Xianfei Hou , Feifei Zhou , Peng Qian , Heng Shen , Nanyang Xu

Simulating the dynamics and the non-equilibrium steady state of an open quantum system are hard computational tasks on conventional computers. For the simulation of the time evolution, several efficient quantum algorithms have recently been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Nathan Ramusat , Vincenzo Savona

The exact statistics of an arbitrary quantum observable is analytically obtained. Due to the probabilistic nature of a sequence of intermediate measurements and stochastic fluctuations induced by the interaction with the environment, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-06-19 Stefano Gherardini