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The boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem asks whether there exists an assignment of boolean values to the variables of an arbitrary boolean formula making the formula evaluate to True. It is well-known that all NP-problems can be coded as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Christopher R. Serrano , Jonathan Gallagher , Kenji Yamada , Alexei Kopylov , Michael A. Warren

Contrastive explanations for understanding the behavior of black box models has gained a lot of attention recently as they provide potential for recourse. In this paper, we propose a method Contrastive Attributed explanations for Text (CAT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Saneem Chemmengath , Amar Prakash Azad , Ronny Luss , Amit Dhurandhar

Item Response Theory (IRT) aims to assess latent abilities of respondents based on the correctness of their answers in aptitude test items with different difficulty levels. In this paper, we propose the $\beta^3$-IRT model, which models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-04 Yu Chen , Telmo Silva Filho , Ricardo B. C. Prudêncio , Tom Diethe , Peter Flach

Adversarial training can improve the robustness of neural networks. Previous methods focus on a single adversarial training strategy and do not consider the model property trained by different strategies. By revisiting the previous methods,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Xingbin Liu , Huafeng Kuang , Xianming Lin , Yongjian Wu , Rongrong Ji

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a popular method for optimizing expensive black-box functions. BO has several well-documented shortcomings, including computational slowdown with longer optimization runs, poor suitability for non-stationary or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 E. Visser , C. E. van Daalen , J. C. Schoeman

Item (question) difficulties play a crucial role in educational assessments, enabling accurate and efficient assessment of student abilities and personalization to maximize learning outcomes. Traditionally, estimating item difficulties can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Alexander Scarlatos , Nigel Fernandez , Christopher Ormerod , Susan Lottridge , Andrew Lan

We introduce ADAPQUEST, a software tool written in Java for the development of adaptive questionnaires based on Bayesian networks. Adaptiveness is intended here as the dynamical choice of the question sequence on the basis of an evolving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Claudio Bonesana , Francesca Mangili , Alessandro Antonucci

This report outlines our team's participation in VCL Challenges B Continual Test_time Adaptation, focusing on the technical details of our approach. Our primary focus is Testtime Adaptation using bi_level adaptations, encompassing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Chenyu Lin , Yusheng He , Zhengqing Zang , Chenwei Tang , Tao Wang , Jiancheng Lv

Intelligent tutoring systems increasingly provide automated feedback on student work, but robust feedback requires assessing reasoning, not only final answers. We study a failure mode we call the correct answer trap (CAT): models…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Moiz Imran , Sahan Bulathwela

Adaptations facilitate efficient training of large backbone models, including diffusion models for image generation and transformer-based language models. While various adaptation techniques enhance performance with minimal computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Jae Wan Park , Junhyeok Kim , Youngjun Jun , Hyunah Ko , Seong Jae Hwang

We propose a new model to assess the mastery level of a given skill efficiently. The model, called Bayesian Adaptive Mastery Assessment (BAMA), uses information on the accuracy and the response time of the answers given and infers the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-08 Anni Sapountzi , Sandjai Bhulai , Ilja Cornelisz , Chris van Klaveren

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) task investigates effective domain adaptation under the scenario of continuous domain shifts during testing time. Due to the utilization of solely unlabeled samples, there exists significant uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Fan Lyu , Kaile Du , Yuyang Li , Hanyu Zhao , Fuyuan Hu , Zhang Zhang , Guangcan Liu , Liang Wang

Item Response Theory (IRT) is a ubiquitous model for understanding humans based on their responses to questions, used in fields as diverse as education, medicine and psychology. Large modern datasets offer opportunities to capture more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Mike Wu , Richard L. Davis , Benjamin W. Domingue , Chris Piech , Noah Goodman

Accurately assessing internal human states is key to understanding preferences, offering personalized services, and identifying challenges in real-world applications. Originating from psychometrics, adaptive testing has become the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Junhao Yu , Yan Zhuang , YuXuan Sun , Weibo Gao , Qi Liu , Mingyue Cheng , Zhenya Huang , Enhong Chen

Agentic AI represents a paradigm shift in enhancing the capabilities of generative AI models. While these systems demonstrate immense potential and power, current evaluation techniques primarily focus on assessing their efficacy in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hassen Dhrif

Deep neural network quantization with adaptive bitwidths has gained increasing attention due to the ease of model deployment on various platforms with different resource budgets. In this paper, we propose a meta-learning approach to achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Jiseok Youn , Jaehun Song , Hyung-Sin Kim , Saewoong Bahk

We consider the problem of designing an adaptive sequence of questions that optimally classify a candidate's ability into one of several categories or discriminative grades. A candidate's ability is modeled as an unknown parameter, which,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Achal Bassamboo , Vikas Deep , Sandeep Juneja , Assaf Zeevi

The emergence of various adapters, including Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) applied from the field of natural language processing, has allowed diffusion models to personalize image generation at a low cost. However, due to the various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jae Wan Park , Sang Hyun Park , Jun Young Koh , Junha Lee , Min Song

The ability to decompose complex natural scenes into meaningful object-centric abstractions lies at the core of human perception and reasoning. In the recent culmination of unsupervised object-centric learning, the Slot-Attention module has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Baoxiong Jia , Yu Liu , Siyuan Huang

Adaptive learning, also known as adaptive teaching, relies on learning path recommendation, which sequentially recommends personalized learning items (e.g., lectures, exercises) to satisfy the unique needs of each learner. Although it is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Qi Liu , Shiwei Tong , Chuanren Liu , Hongke Zhao , Enhong Chen , Haiping Ma , Shijin Wang