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Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) are crucial to decentralized finance (DeFi) as they enable trading without intermediaries. However, they face challenges like impermanent loss (IL), where liquidity providers (LPs) see their assets' value…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Irina Lebedeva , Dmitrii Umnov , Yury Yanovich , Ignat Melnikov , George Ovchinnikov

Decentralized perpetuals protocols have collectively reached billions of dollars of daily trading volume, yet are still not serious competitors on the basis of trading volume with centralized venues such as Binance. One of the main reasons…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tarun Chitra , Theo Diamandis , Nathan Sheng , Luke Sterle , Kamil Yusubov

Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs) are new types of marketplaces leveraging Blockchain technology. They allow users to trade assets with Automatic Market Makers (AMM), using funds provided by liquidity providers, removing the need for order…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Yogev Bar-On , Yishay Mansour

We study the optimal liquidation of a large position on Uniswap v2 and Uniswap v3 in discrete time. The instantaneous price impact is derived from the AMM pricing rule. Transient impact is modeled to capture either exponential or…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-08 Bastien Baude , Damien Challet , Ioane Muni Toke

Decentralized exchanges are widely used platforms for trading crypto assets. The most common types work with automated market makers (AMM), allowing traders to exchange assets without needing to find matching counterparties. Thereby,…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-12 Matthias Hafner , Helmut Dietl

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive empirical study of losses to arbitrageurs (following the formalization of loss-versus-rebalancing by [Milionis et al., 2022]) incurred by liquidity providers on automated market makers…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Robin Fritsch , Andrea Canidio

An automated market maker (AMM) provides a method for creating a decentralized exchange on the blockchain. For this purpose, individual investors lend liquidity to the AMM pool in exchange for a stream of fees earned from its operations as…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-30 Maxim Bichuch , Zachary Feinstein

Decentralised exchanges (DEXs) have transformed trading by enabling trustless, permissionless transactions, yet they face significant challenges such as impermanent loss and slippage, which undermine profitability for liquidity providers…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-10 Oliver Tronn Scott-Simons , Chris Colman , FrostByte

Constant-product market making functions were first introduced by Hayden Adams in 2017 to create Uniswap, a decentralised exchange on Ethereum. This enables users to exchange assets at any given rate. Some variations such as Balancer and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Théodore Conrad , Arthur Vinciguerra , Guillaume Méroué

The rise of Ethereum and other blockchains that support smart contracts has led to the creation of decentralized exchanges (DEXs), such as Uniswap, Balancer, Curve, mStable, and SushiSwap, which enable agents to trade cryptocurrencies…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-28 Guillermo Angeris , Akshay Agrawal , Alex Evans , Tarun Chitra , Stephen Boyd

We examine how the introduction of concentrated liquidity has changed the liquidity provision market in automated market makers such as Uniswap. To this end, we compare average liquidity provider returns from trading fees before and after…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2023-10-30 Robin Fritsch

This paper mathematically models a constant-function automated market maker (CFAMM) position as a portfolio of exotic options, known as perpetual American continuous-installment (CI) options. This model replicates an AMM position's delta at…

Automated Market Makers (AMMs), as a core infrastructure of decentralized finance (DeFi), uniquely drive on-chain asset pricing through a deterministic reserve ratio mechanism. Unlike traditional markets, AMM price dynamics is triggered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Huaiyu Jia , Jiehshun You , Yizhi Luo , Jingyu Liu , Shuo Sun

Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs) are pivotal applications in the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) landscape, aiming to facilitate trustless cryptocurrency trading by relying on smart contracts and blockchain networks. The developments in the DEXs…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Mohammad Ali Asef , Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini Bamakan

Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) provide a means for users to trade pairs of assets on-chain without the need for a trusted third party to effectuate a trade. Amongst these, constant function market maker DEXs such as Uniswap handle the most…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Zhou Fan , Francisco Marmolejo-Cossío , Ben Altschuler , He Sun , Xintong Wang , David C. Parkes

There are two predominant metrics to assess the performance of automated market makers and their profitability for liquidity providers: 'impermanent loss' (IL) and 'loss-versus-rebalance' (LVR). In this short paper we shed light on the…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-05-16 Abe Alexander , Lars Fritz

We introduce a class of utility-based market makers that always accept orders at their risk-neutral prices. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for such market makers to have bounded loss. We prove that hyperbolic absolute risk…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-16 Yiling Chen , David M Pennock

The limit order book mechanism has been the core trading mechanism of the modern financial market. In the cryptocurrency market, centralized exchanges also adopt this limit order book mechanism and a centralized matching engine dynamically…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Yeonwoo Jeong , Chanyoung Jeoung , Hosan Jeong , SangYoon Han , Juntae Kim

Universal machine learning interatomic potentials (UMLIPs) offer accuracy close to first-principles calculations at a fraction of the cost, showing significant potential for large-scale material simulations. However, the fragmented UMLIPs…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-17 Yanjin Xiang , Yihan Nie , Yunzhi Gao , Haidi Wang , Wei Hu

Dynamic-weight AMMs (aka Temporal Function Market Makers, TFMMs) implement algorithmic asset allocation, analogous to index or smart beta funds, by continuously updating pools' weights. A strategy updates target weights over time, and…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-26 Matthew Willetts , Christian Harrington