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This article's aim is to provide the solution to the equity premium puzzle without using calibrated values. Calibrated values of subjective time discount factor were used in my prior derived models because 4 variables were determined from 3…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-16 Atilla Aras

In credit risk literature, the existence of an equivalent martingale measure is stipulated as one of the main assumptions in the hazard process model. Here we show by construction the existence of a measure that turns the discounted stock…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-08-28 Marek Capiński , Tomasz Zastawniak

The paper analyzes the mathematics of the relationship between the default risk and yield-to-maturity of a coupon bond. It is shown that the yield-to-maturity is driven not only by the default probability and recovery rate of the bond but…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2012-04-02 Sara Cecchetti , Antonio Di Cesare

Committee decisions are complicated by a deadline, e.g., the next start of a budget, or the beginning of a semester. In committee hiring decisions, it may be that if no candidate is supported by a strong majority, the default is to hire no…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Marina Bannikova , Lihi Dery , Svetlana Obraztsova , Zinovi Rabinovich , Jeffrey S. Rosenschein

The existence of asymmetric information has always been a major concern for financial institutions. Financial intermediaries such as commercial banks need to study the quality of potential borrowers in order to make their decision on…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-07-05 Jinglun Yao , Maxime Levy-Chapira , Mamikon Margaryan

Foundation models often generate unreliable answers, while heuristic uncertainty estimators fail to fully distinguish correct from incorrect outputs, causing users to accept erroneous answers without any statistical guarantee. We address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Zhiyuan Wang , Aniri , Tianlong Chen , Yue Zhang , Heng Tao Shen , Xiaoshuang Shi , Kaidi Xu

We propose two structural models for stochastic losses given default which allow to model the credit losses of a portfolio of defaultable financial instruments. The credit losses are integrated into a structural model of default events…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-20 Simone Farinelli , Mykhaylo Shkolnikov

An uncollateralized swap hedged back-to-back by a CCP swap is used to introduce FVA. The open IR01 of FVA, however, is a sure sign of risk not being fully hedged, a theoretical no-arbitrage pricing concern, and a bait to lure market risk…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2020-05-05 Wujiang Lou

Motivated by the need to analyze continuously updated data sets in the context of time-to-event modeling, we propose a novel nonparametric approach to estimate the conditional hazard function given a set of continuous and discrete…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-03 Daphné Aurouet , Valentin Patilea

First passage models, where corporate assets undergo a random walk and default occurs if the assets fall below a threshold, provide an attractive framework for modeling the default process. Recently such models have been generalized to…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter B. Lee , Mark B. Wise , Vineer Bhansali

We consider the pricing and hedging of counterparty credit risk and funding when there is no possibility to hedge the jump to default of either the bank or the counterparty. This represents the situation which is most often encountered in…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-20 Francesca Biagini , Alessandro Gnoatto , Katharina Oberpriller

A reliable representation of uncertainty is essential for the application of modern machine learning methods in safety-critical settings. In this regard, the use of credal sets (i.e., convex sets of probability distributions) has recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Paul Hofman , Timo Löhr , Maximilian Muschalik , Yusuf Sale , Eyke Hüllermeier

We consider the problem of constructing distribution-free prediction sets with finite-sample conditional guarantees. Prior work has shown that it is impossible to provide exact conditional coverage universally in finite samples. Thus, most…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-18 Isaac Gibbs , John J. Cherian , Emmanuel J. Candès

In this article, we study the problem of pricing defaultable bond with discrete default intensity and barrier under constant risk free short rate using higher order binary options and their integrals. In our credit risk model, the risk free…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2013-10-23 Hyong-Chol O , Dong-Hyok Kim , Jong-Jun Jo , Song-Hun Ri

Financial networks raise a significant computational challenge in identifying insolvent firms and evaluating their exposure to systemic risk. This task, known as the clearing problem, is computationally tractable when dealing with simple…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Stavros D. Ioannidis , Bart de Keijzer , Carmine Ventre

Computer models, aiming at simulating a complex real system, are often calibrated in the light of data to improve performance. Standard calibration methods assume that the optimal values of calibration parameters are invariant to the model…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-01 Georgios Karagiannis , Bledar A. Konomi , Guang Lin

We discuss the pricing of defaultable assets in an incomplete information model where the default time is given by a first hitting time of an unobservable process. We show that in a fairly general Markov setting, the indicator function of…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-05-08 Umut Çetin

Being cautious is crucial for enhancing the trustworthiness of machine learning systems integrated into decision-making pipelines. Although calibrated probabilities help in optimal decision-making, perfect calibration remains unattainable,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Mari-Liis Allikivi , Joonas Järve , Meelis Kull

In a well-calibrated risk prediction model, the average predicted probability is close to the true event rate for any given subgroup. Such models are reliable across heterogeneous populations and satisfy strong notions of algorithmic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Jean Feng , Alexej Gossmann , Romain Pirracchio , Nicholas Petrick , Gene Pennello , Berkman Sahiner

We present a numerically efficient approach for learning a risk-neutral measure for paths of simulated spot and option prices up to a finite horizon under convex transaction costs and convex trading constraints. This approach can then be…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-07-15 Hans Buehler , Phillip Murray , Mikko S. Pakkanen , Ben Wood