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Power grids must modernize to meet climate goals while maintaining reliable and stable operating conditions. Yet progress is hindered by a limited understanding of the stochastic processes underlying grid frequency and phase-angle…
We explore how Demand Response (DR) can effectively provide electricity system services such as for the management of bi-directional power flows and the control of voltage deviations in active distribution networks, without compromising…
Hybrid AC/DC microgrids with distributed energy storage (DS) improve power reliability in remote areas. Existing power management methods either focus on steady-state power sharing or transient inertia support, but rarely combine both. They…
Grid-connected inverters are required to operate stably under a wide range of grid conditions. However, conventional grid-following (GFL) control may suffer from instability under weak-grid conditions, while grid-forming (GFM) control may…
To implement controllable loads for frequency regulation in transmission networks in a practical way, the control scheme needs to be granulated down at least to subtransmission networks since loads in transmission networks are usually the…
Modeled after the hierarchical control architecture of power transmission systems, a layering of primary, secondary, and tertiary control has become the standard operation paradigm for islanded microgrids. Despite this superficial…
Volt-VAR and Volt-Watt functionality in photovoltaic (PV) smart inverters provide mechanisms to ensure system voltage magnitudes and power factors remain within acceptable limits. However, these control functions can become unstable,…
As the amount of volatile, renewable energy sources in power distribution grids is increasing, the stability of the latter is a vital aspect for grid operators. Within the STABEEL project, the authors develop rules on how to parametrize the…
The share of electronically converted power from renewable sources, loads, and storage is continuously growing in the low- and medium-voltage grids. These sources and loads typically rectify the grid AC to DC, e.g., for a DC link, so that a…
The paper discusses fast frequency control in bulk power systems using embedded networks of grid-forming energy storage resources. Differing from their traditional roles of regulating reserves, the storage resources in this work operate as…
Advanced microgrids consisting of distributed energy resources interfaced with multi-inverter systems are becoming more common. Consequently, the effectiveness of voltage and frequency regulation in microgrids using conventional droop-based…
We consider the problem of stability analysis for distribution grids with droop-controlled inverters and dynamic distribution power lines. The inverters are modeled as voltage sources with controllable frequency and amplitude. This problem…
The increasing penetration of inverter-based renewable generation has significantly reduced system inertia, making modern power grids more vulnerable to rapid frequency deviations following disturbances. While a wide range of flexible…
We consider the problem of voltage stability and reactive power balancing in islanded small-scale electrical networks outfitted with DC/AC inverters ("microgrids"). A droop-like voltage feedback controller is proposed which is quadratic in…
The large-scale integration of distributed renewable energy sources into the electricity grid requires the investigation of new methods to ensure stability. For example, Active Distribution Networks (ADNs) can be used at (sub-) transmission…
This paper considers a distributed PI-controller for networked dynamical systems. Sufficient conditions for when the controller is able to stabilize a general linear system and eliminate static control errors are presented. The proposed…
Uncertainty and variability of renewable energy sources present an imperative technical challenge for Electrical Distribution Utilities. Power Quality indices represent quality of energy delivered and reliability. In this work, a control…
Deploying distributed energy resources (DERs) and other smart grid technologies have increased the complexity of power grids and made them more vulnerable to natural disasters and cyber-physical-human (CPH) threats. To deal with these…
Heat pumps have the capability for fast adjustments in power consumption with potential connections to large heating-inertia district heating networks, and are thus a very important resource for providing frequency support in low-inertia…
An inevitable consequence of the global power system transition towards nearly 100% renewable-based generation is the loss of conventional bulk generation by synchronous machines, their inertia, and accompanying frequency and voltage…